摘要
目的了解应对方式在导师指导行为和研究生心理健康之间的关系,为提高研究生心理健康水平提供数据支持。方法采用分层随机相结合的方法,按照全国六大行政区,在全国28所具有研究生培养资格的高校共1 274名在学研究生为调查对象,采用自编研究生对导师指导行为评价问卷、简易应对方式量表(SCSQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行调查。结果研究生阶段压力最大事情依次为学习和科研(55.7%)、经济压力(18.0%)、工作选择(15.9%);39.2%的研究生报告导师有时、经常或总是"根据自己利益决定研究生发表论文的署名"、23.8%的研究生报告"导师将自己的愤怒发泄到研究生身上等,导师指导行为被评价为不合理的频率高时,研究生心理健康水平低(r=0.344,P<0.01);研究生采用积极应对方式时,心理健康水平高(r=-0.157,P<0.01);导师指导行为对心理健康的直接效应有统计学意义(β=0.31),中介变量积极应对对心理健康的预测作用有统计学意义(β=-0.23),中介效应占总效应的比例为10.82%;消极应对对心理健康的预测作用有统计学意义(β=0.11),中介效应占总效应的比例为8.09%。结论应对方式在导师指导行为和研究生心理健康之间起到部分中介作用;提高研究生采用积极应对策略意义重大。
Objective To explore the relationship between tutors＇guidance and coping,mental health of the postgraduate and to provide a reference for improving postgraduates＇ mental health. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 274 postgraduates by using a self-designed Guiding Behavior Questionnaire, Simple Coping Style Ques tionnare （SCSQ） and Symptom Checklist-90 （ SCL-90 ） in 28 universities in six administrative districts of China. Results The ratios of the postgraduates with the top three stressful events were 55.7 % for learning and scientific research, 18. 0% for economic pressures and 15.9% for career selection. There were 39. 2% of the tutors forcing the graduate students completely according to mentor＇ s ideas for scientific research and 23.8% venting their anger on graduates based on the responses of the postgraduates. The tutors＇ guidance was significantly positively correlated with the score of SCL-90 and positive coping was negatively correlated with the score of SCL-90, while negative coping was positively correlated with the score of SCL-90 of the postgraduates. The guide behavior had direct effect on mental health（β =0. 31 ） of the postgraduates. The positive coping of the postgraduates showed a partial mediating effect on the relationship between tutors＇ guidance and mental health of the postgraduates （β = -0. 23 ）, with a rate of mediation effect of 10. 82%, while the negative coping showed a partial mediating effect （β= 0. 11 ）, with a rate of mediation effect of 8. 09%. Condusion The coping style of postgraduate may be a partial mediating variable for the association between tutors＇ guidance and mental health of postgraduates and the development of positive coping style is very significant for the postgraduates.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第8期1031-1034,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
广东省学位与研究生教育改革研究项目课题(11JGXM-ZD05)
