摘要
积分制不仅深刻影响着基层治理,而且在科层治理乃至国家治理中彰显出独特价值。通过比较分析发现,积分制与项目制在事本主义、程式理性、分级运作等方面具有“形似”特征;在主体关系、动员策略、资源配置等维度呈现“神异”逻辑。项目制提升了科层内部的运行效率,却难以打破科层组织封闭性,促进其与自治组织的有效互动。积分制依托主体合作、柔性动员、存量优化,重构了科层逻辑与社会逻辑的互动机制,将科层组织与自治组织共同纳入“中心-边缘”的圈层治理结构,拓宽了中心组织的调控半径,疏解了科层体系的治理压力。将项目制与积分制置于“国家-社会”关系框架中可以发现,项目制在自上而下的发包过程中强化着国家对社会的单向统合,而积分制在推动科层制圈层化的基础上,通过跨圈合作与跨层联动,打破组织边界,实现国家与社会的共生共融,平衡着国家统合性与社会自主性。
The points system not only profoundly influences grassroots governance but also demonstrates unique value within bureaucratic and national governance.Through comparative analysis,it is found that the points system and the project system share similarities in aspects such as task orientation,procedural rationality,and hierarchical operation.However,they differ fundamentally in terms of actor relations,mobilization strategies and resource allocation.While the project system enhances internal bureaucratic efficiency,it struggles to break the organizational closure of bureaucracy and to foster effective interaction with autonomous organizations.In contrast,the points system—by leveraging actor cooperation,flexible mobilization,and stock resource optimization—reconstructs the interaction mechanism between bureaucratic logic and social logic.It incorporates both bureaucratic and autonomous organizations into a"core-periphery"layered governance structure,thereby expanding the regulatory radius of central organizations and alleviating the governance burden of the bureaucratic system.Ultimately,this paper situates both the project system and points system within the framework of the"state-society"relationship.It argues that the project system reinforces the state’s unidirectional integration of society through top-down contracting processes,whereas the points system,based on the layering of the bureaucratic structure,breaks organizational boundaries through cross-layer collaboration and inter-circle cooperation.This fosters symbiotic integration between state and society,achieving a dynamic balance between state cohesion and social autonomy.
作者
徐国冲
宋知远
Xu Guochong;Song Zhiyuan
出处
《政治学研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期62-77,M0006,M0007,共18页
CASS Journal of Political Science
关键词
积分制
项目制
科层制
圈层治理
国家与社会
points system
project system
bureaucracy
layered governance
state and society
