摘要
为探究笼养密度与复合多维对肉鹅生产性能的影响,为实施肉鹅笼养生产提供参考数据,试验选取49日龄体重相近的扬州母鹅224只,随机分为8组即地面平养组(对照组,5只/m^(2))、低密度笼养组(4.3只/m^(2))、中密度笼养组(6.4只/m^(2))、高密度笼养组(8.4只/m^(2))、添加复合多维地面平养组(添加多维对照组,5只/m^(2))、添加复合多维低密度笼养组(4.3只/m^(2))、添加复合多维中密度笼养组(6.4只/m^(2))、添加复合多维高密度笼养组(8.4只/m^(2)),每组8个重复,试验为期21 d。通过比较个体体重、肉品质和羽毛评分来评估生产性能。结果显示:56日龄时,笼养密度与多维之间存在交互作用(P<0.05);高密度笼养显著减缓肉鹅的早期生长发育,而中、低密度笼养对早期生长发育无显著作用,且低密度笼养可达到地面平养的生产水平;饮水添加多维可有效缓解中密度笼养对鹅体重影响。63与70日龄时,笼养密度和多维对鹅体重均有显著影响(P<0.05)。随着笼养密度的提高,对肉鹅体重发育影响越大,且均显著低于地面平养组(P<0.05);饮水中添加多维可显著提高笼养鹅体重(P<0.05)。此外,笼养密度对70日龄鹅胸肌肌肉水分和脂肪含量有影响(P<0.05)。随着笼养密度的加大,脂肪含量显著下降而水分含量显著上升(P<0.05),但低密度饲养组肉鹅胸肌肌内脂肪含量可达到地面平养水平(P>0.05),同时笼养对胸肌常规肉品质(pH值、肉色、剪切力等)无显著影响(P>0.05)。笼养密度对鹅羽毛评分有显著影响(P<0.05)。70日龄低密度笼养组肉鹅腹部、翅膀、背部羽毛清洁度和羽毛损伤程度均显著优于中、高密度笼养组,且与地面平养无差异(P>0.05)。研究表明,低密度(4.3只/m^(2))笼养模式下,鹅生长发育、肉品质和羽毛评分接近地面平养水平;补充多维可在一定程度上缓解笼养应激。
To investigate the effects of cage stocking density and compound multivitamins on the production performance of meat geese,and provide reference data for the implementation of cage rearing in meat geese production,a total of 224 Yangzhou male geese with similar body weight at 49 days of age were randomly allocated into 8 groups:Floor rearing group(the control group,5 birds/m^(2)),low-density cage rearing(4.3 birds/m^(2)),medium-density cage rearing(6.4 birds/m^(2)),high-density cage rearing(8.4 birds/m^(2)),floor rearing with multivitamin supplementation(the control group of multivitamin supplementation,5 birds/m^(2)),low-density cage rearing with multivitamin supplementation(4.3 birds/m^(2)),medium-density cage rearing with multivitamin supplementation(6.4 birds/m^(2))and high-density cage rearing with multivitamin supplementation(8.4 birds/m^(2)).The experiment lasted for 21 days.The production performance was evaluated by comparing individual body weight,meat quality and feather score.The results showed that at 56 days of age,there was a significant interaction between cage stocking density and the multi-vitamin supplementation(P<0.05).High-density cage breeding significantly slowed down the early growth and development of meat geese,while medium and low-density cage breeding had no significant effect on early growth and development.Moreover,low-density cage rearing achieved production levels comparable to those of floor rearing.The addition of multi-vitamins to the drinking water effectively mitigated the impact of medium-density cage rearing on the body weight of the geese.At 63 and 70 days of age,both cage stocking density and multi-vitamin supplementation had significant effects on the body weight of the geese(P<0.05).As the cage stocking density increased,the impact on the body weight development of meat geese became more pronounced,with all density groups showing significantly lower body weights compared to the floor-rearing group.The addition of multi-vitamins to the drinking water significantly increased the body weight of cage-reared geese.Additionally,cage stocking density had a significant effect on the moisture and fat content in the breast muscle of geese at 70 days of age(P<0.05).As the cage stocking density increased,the fat content significantly decreased while the moisture content significantly increased.However,the intramuscular fat content in the breast muscle of geese in the low-density rearing group reached levels comparable to those of the floor-rearing group(P>0.05).Furthermore,cage rearing did not have a significant impact on the conventional meat quality attributes of the breast muscle,such as pH,meat color and shear force.Finally,cage stocking density had a significant impact on the feather score of the geese.At 70 days of age,the cleanliness and degree of feather damage in the abdominal,wing and back feathers of geese in the low-density cage-rearing group were significantly better than those in the medium and high-density cage-rearing groups.Moreover,there was no significant difference in these feather quality metrics between the low-density cage-rearing group and the floor-rearing group(P>0.05).The results indicated that under low-density(4.3 birds/m^(2))cage-rearing conditions,the growth and development,meat quality and feather scores of geese closely approximated those of floor-reared geese.To some extent,supplementation with multivitamins could alleviate the stress associated with cage rearing.
作者
梁钰
顾旺
齐尚宗
吴腾
徐琪
LIANG Yu;GU Wang;QI Shangzong;WU Teng;XU Qi(Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Resources(Poultry),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009)
出处
《中国家禽》
北大核心
2026年第1期99-106,共8页
China Poultry
基金
国家水禽产业技术体系(CARS-42-3)。
关键词
鹅
笼养
饲养密度
肉品质
羽毛评分
goose
cage rearing
stocking density
meat quality
feather score
