摘要
甄别老年人对居家养老服务的偏好特征是解决供需错配、提高供给效率的关键前提。基于2018年中国老年社会追踪调查数据,以多维度代替单一维度分析路径,采用潜在类别分析方法识别老年人居家养老服务的偏好模式,并基于安德森模型构建的理论分析框架探讨其归因。研究发现:老年人对居家养老服务具有多元化的选择和组合偏好,可分为全方位养老服务的积极利用型、偏重陪伴服务的中度利用型和消极利用型三种模式,分别占比9%,15%和76%。身体健康状况差、经济收入高、家庭养老支持弱、社区养老服务供给水平较高和拥有居家养老服务补贴的老年人更可能成为全方位养老服务的积极利用型,对居家养老服务利用模式选择呈现出典型的外在政策环境诱导特征;独居及身体健康状况较好的高龄老年人更可能成为偏重陪伴服务的中度利用型;而年龄较小、家庭养老支持强、社区养老服务供给水平较低和缺乏居家养老服务补贴的非独居老年人更可能成为消极利用型。因此,需进一步加强居家养老服务供给的群体针对性,重视老人陪伴服务,加大居家养老服务需方补贴力度和完善社区养老服务设施,积极应对人口老龄化。
Identifying the preference characteristics of the elderly towards home-based care services is a key prerequi-site for solving the mismatch between supply and demand and improving supply efficiency.Based on the data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey in 2018,this paper replaces the single-dimensional analysis path with multiple dimensions,and uses the latent class analysis method to identify the preference pattern of home-based care services for the elderly and futher explores its attribution.The study found that the elderly have diversified choices and combination preferences for home-based care services,and it can be divided into three modes:active utilization of comprehen-sive care services,moderate utilization of companion services,and passive utilization,accounting for 9%,15%and 76%,re-spectively.Older people with poor health status,high economic income and weak family pension support are more likely to be active users of comprehensive elderly care services;the oldest old living alone and in good health are more likely to become moderate users of companion services;while the older people who are younger,and with strong family pension support are more likely to be passive use type.At the same time,home-based pension service subsidies and the supply of pension service are important inducing factors for the choice of home-based pension service utilization mode.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the group-specificity of the home-based care services supply,promote companion services for the elderly,and improve subsidies of home-based care service and community care service facilities.
作者
曾起艳
何志鹏
曾寅初
ZENG Qi-yan;HE Zhi-peng;ZENG Yin-chu(School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;School of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Develop-ment,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《西北人口》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期58-69,共12页
Northwest Population Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“农村老年人居家养老服务的需求偏好与补贴策略研究”(72003178)。
关键词
居家养老服务
偏好
利用模式
潜在类别模型
安德森模型
Home-based Care Services
Preference
Utilization patterns
The Latent Class Analysis Model
The Anderson Model
