摘要
以1998—2007年我国普通高校本专科学生数的科类比例为分析对象,可以发现我国高等教育的科类结构有以下几个主要特征:工学、管理学、文学所占比例最多,三者相加达到70%,哲学、历史学、农学是比例最少的三类;文科与理科的比例由过去的理科多于文科发展到两者趋于相等;偏重应用的科类比例占绝大多数。影响近十年来我国高等教育科类结构发展变化的主要因素是经济的持续增长和由此带来的社会经济结构的变化,以及在高等教育规模的持续扩大中民办高等教育的迅速发展与专科比例的不断上升。
Taking the proportion of the undergraduate students of different disciplines in junior and regular colleges from 1998 to 2007 for instance, it is found out that the main features of disciplinary structure in China are as follows： firstly, the number of the students majored in Engineering, Management and Literature takes the greatest proportion, which adds up to 70 percent, whereas that of the students majored in Philosophy, History and Agriculture is the least;secondly, the proportion of the students majored in Liberal Arts and the Science tends to be equal, whereas in the past, the latter was in excess of the former; thirdly, the proportion of the students majored in the disciplines of application are in the majority. The main factors resulting in the change of the disciplinary structure in the recent decade are as the follows： the first is the successive growth of the national economy and its inherent change of the national economy structure; the second is the rapid development of the private higher education institutions in the course of the successive expansion of the scale of higher education, as well as the continuously ascendant proportion of junior college students.
出处
《教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第11期20-26,共7页
Educational Research
关键词
高等教育
教育规模
科类结构
higher education, education scale, disciplinary structure
