摘要
自然灾害的发生,并非是一种单纯的自然事件。人口增长及其引发的人地关系失调是不可忽视的重要原因。自秦汉以来,随着人口的不断增长,不合理的土地利用活动极大地改变了原有的人地关系。根据各个时期的不同特点,湖北省人地关系的演变过程经历了四个阶段;人地关系演变的结果是"人、土、水"等关系严重恶化,进而引发并加重一系列自然灾害;具体表现在:(1)"人土"关系恶化导致植被减少、水土流失加剧、洪旱灾害加重;(2)"人水"关系恶化引起洪旱灾害频发;(3)70%的崩塌、滑坡与泥石流等地质灾害与人类的采矿或其它工程建设活动密切相关;(4)大中型水库诱发性地震明显增加。人地关系恶化总的结果是导致湖北省"灾种增多、频率加快、灾情趋重"。因此,湖北省自然灾害的防灾减灾工作,不仅要重视水利工程、生态工程等减灾措施的作用,更要重视人地关系变化对自然灾害的影响,从调整人地关系入手,进行生态减压,从而达到从根本上防灾减灾的目的。
The occurrence of natural disaster really isn't a kind of simple natural incident. The growth of population and imbalance of the man-land relationship led by the growth of population are not negligible factors. Along with constantly increasing in number of population since Qin-Han Dynasty, the irrational land utilization has largely changed the original man-land relationship.The process of the man-land relationship has gone through five different stages.The results of this process are causing the serious imbalance of the 'man-soil'and 'man-water'relationship,leading to a series of natural disasters. The concrete show is in:(1) the worsening of the'man-soil'relationship leads to the disappearance of vegetation, the serious erosion of the soil,and the increasing of the ecology calamity;(2) the worsening of'man-water'relationship causes the frequent occurrence of flood and draught disasters;(3)70% of geology calamity such as collapses,landslide and mud-rock flow etc.is caused by human's activities such as mining and engineering construction;(4)the small and middle-sized earthquakes are increasing largely because of the growth in number of big and middle-sized reservoir.In a word, the worsening man-land relationship resulted in the increase of disaster,the frequence of the calamities' appearance becomes more and more,and the situation of disaster becomes more severely.Therefore,the prevention work of natural disaster in Hubei Province not only should attach importance to irrigation projects and ecology projects,but also should pay much more attention to the impacts of the change of the man-land relationship on natural disaster.Last,the authors put forward that the preventative work should begins with the adjustment of the man-land relationship.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
2004年第1期177-181,共5页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
湖北省教育厅青年项目(2001B45003)
关键词
湖北省
人地关系
自然灾害
影响
Hubei Province
man-land relationship
natural disaster
impact
