摘要
夹竹桃蚜Aphis nerii是园林绿化常用植物马利筋Asclepias curassavica和夹竹桃Nerium indicum的重要害虫;双带盘瓢虫Coelophora biplagiata是农林业重要捕食性天敌。为明确双带盘瓢虫对夹竹桃蚜的捕食作用和生物防治潜能,在实验室条件下,测定了双带盘瓢虫对夹竹桃蚜的捕食功能反应、自身密度干扰反应、不同温度下的捕食能力和猎物偏好。结果表明,双带盘瓢虫对夹竹桃蚜捕食功能反应符合HollingⅡ模型,1~4龄幼虫和雌雄成虫的瞬时攻击率分别为0.629、1.582、1.157、1.698、1.538和1.522,猎物处理时间分别0.115、0.069、0.020、0.010、0.008 d和0.016 d,理论日最大捕食量分别为8.696、14.493、50.000、100.000、125.000头和62.500头;幼虫捕食量随着龄期增加而增大,雌成虫捕食量远大于雄成虫;搜寻效应随着猎物密度增加而降低;在夹竹桃蚜密度一定的条件下,双带盘瓢虫的捕食效率随着其自身密度升高而下降,竞争强度同步加剧;在20、25、30、35℃和40℃条件下,双带盘瓢虫雌成虫对夹竹桃蚜捕食量分别为50.333、68.500、77.833、75.833、10.333头,捕食量随着温度升高出现先上升后下降的趋势,30℃与35℃条件下的捕食量无显著差异(P=0.519);相比夹竹桃蚜,双带盘瓢虫偏好取食豆蚜。综上所述,双带盘瓢虫可捕食夹竹桃蚜,但环境温度影响其捕食。
The oleander aphid,Aphis nerii,is an important pest of common landscaping plants,including milkweed(Asclepias curassavica)and oleander(Nerium indicum).Coelophora biplagiata is an important predatory natural enemy in agriculture and forestry.To clarify the predatory performance of C.biplagiata against A.nerii and its potential for biological control,laboratory studies were conducted to determine the functional response,intraspecific interference,predation capacity at different temperatures,and prey preference of C.biplagiata toward A.nerii.The results showed that the functional response of C.biplagiata to A.nerii conformed to the Holling II model.The instantaneous attack rates of the 1st-4th instar larvae and female/male adults were 0.629,1.582,1.157,1.698,1.538 and 1.522,respectively,while the corresponding handling times were 0.115,0.069,0.020,0.010,0.008 and 0.016 days.The theoretical maximum daily predation rates were 8.696,14.493,50.000,100.000,125.000 and 62.500 individuals,respectively.Predation increased with larval instar,and female adults consumed significantly more aphids than male adults.The searching efficiency decreased with increasing prey density.Under constant A.nerii density,the predation efficiency of C.biplagiata decreased with increasing predator density,accompanied by intensified competition.At temperatures of 20,25,30,35℃and 40℃,the predation rates of C.biplagiata female adults on A.nerii were 50.333,68.500,77.833,75.833 and 10.333 individuals,respectively.Predation increased initially and then decreased with rising temperature,and no significant difference was observed between predation rates at 30℃and 35℃(P=0.519).Compared with A.nerii,C.biplagiata exhibited a preference for feeding on Aphis craccivora.In conclusion,C.biplagiata can prey on A.nerii,but its predation is strongly influenced by environmental temperature.
作者
刘志伟
霍立志
孙龙华
LIU Zhiwei;HUO Lizhi;SUN Longhua(Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Guangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center for Ecological and Landscape Science and Technology,Guangzhou 510405,China)
出处
《植物保护》
北大核心
2026年第2期264-272,共9页
Plant Protection
基金
广州市重点研发计划(202206010058)
广州市林业和园林局部门预算项目(穗财编[2023]1号)。
关键词
双带盘瓢虫
夹竹桃蚜
捕食特性
功能反应
搜寻效应
自身密度干扰反应
猎物偏好
Coelophora biplagiata
Aphis nerii
predation characteristic
functional response
searching efficiency
intraspecific interference
prey preference
