摘要
【目的】评估大草蛉(Chrysopa pallens)对烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci)卵、若虫及伪蛹的搜寻、控害潜能,观察分析其捕食行为。【方法】在室内设置不同密度的烟粉虱卵、若虫及成虫供大草蛉高龄幼虫取食,统计大草蛉3龄幼虫在不同猎物密度下的净取食和取食比例,并进行相关统计分析。观察大草蛉3龄幼虫的取食行为的若干独立行为事件,系统描述其行为事件内容,分析研究各行为发生频次及持续时间占总捕食过程的比例。【结果】大草蛉3龄幼虫对烟粉虱卵、若虫及伪蛹的捕食功能反应均同时拟合Holling Ⅱ及Ⅲ型方程。在室内条件下,大草蛉3龄幼虫的捕食量随猎物密度的增加而上升,其瞬间攻击率随烟粉虱虫龄的增加而增大,且处理时间为若虫>伪蛹>卵,最佳寻找密度为若虫最低。对搜寻效应的估计结果表明,大草蛉幼虫对烟粉虱的搜寻效应随烟粉虱虫龄的增加而升高。大草蛉取食卵及若虫时,其行走及搜索行为所占比例相当,而取食伪蛹时搜索行为所占比例最高而取食其次。同时,在捕食过程中,各行为事件的发生比例也存在显著差异。【结论】大草蛉高龄幼虫在低密度下对烟粉虱卵、若虫及成虫的捕食能力随密度增长且不受密度制约,其捕食行为事件的发生频次及持续时间在取食不同类型猎物时差异显著。
【Objective】 The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential regulation capacity of Chrysopa pallens to Bemisia tabaci,and analyze the function response,searching rate and relative predatory behaviors of C.pallens on B.tabaci egg,nymph and pupa in lab conditions.【Method】 Different prey densities of egg,nymph and pupa of B.tabaci were set up as different treatments for evaluating predatory capacity of 3rd instar larva C.pallens.The net aggregation of prey consumed and prey consumed ratio in each density were recorded and analyzed.Furthermore,the predatory period was classified into different independent behavior events and evaluated each event in the way of occurrence frequency and ratio of each behavior event to the total duration of predation.The description of each event was also executed at the same time.【Result】 The results showed that the function response of C.pallens 3rd instar larva on B.tabaci egg,nymph and pupa were fitted to Holling II III formulas.In lab controlled conditions,the predatory capacities of C.pallens on B.tabaci egg,nymph and pupa increased with the increasing prey density.The instantaneous attacking rate was increased with the increasing of target development stages,and the variation of dealing duration was nymph pupae egg.On the contrast,the best searching density was the lowest in nymph treatment.Furthermore,the evaluation of searching rate showed that the searching rate of C.pallens on B.tabaci increased with the increasing of target development stages.When C.pallens preyed egg and nymph,the percentage of walking and searching behavior were the most and second.But in pupa treatment,the searching behaviour was the first place and the predation was the second.Similarly,the frequency of each behavior was shown significant differences in predation courses.【Conclusion】The present study demonstrated that the predatory capacity of C.pallens larva to B.tabaci egg,nymph and pupa increased with prey density increasing without any density restriction.The analysis of occurrence frequency and time spend ratio of each behavior event showed significant differences when predator preyed different kinds of prey.The results showed that B.tabaci pupa is the favorite prey of C.pallens larva at low prey density level.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第6期1136-1145,共10页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划(2009CB119206)
关键词
大草蛉
烟粉虱
功能反应
捕食行为
Chrysopa pallens
Bemisia tabaci
function response
predatory behavior
