摘要
六妹羊肚菌在采摘和食用过程中会产生大量的废弃菌柄,菌柄处理不当会导致资源的巨大浪费。为了探明六妹羊肚菌菌柄的营养成分,提升六妹羊肚菌的利用率,该研究选取了陕西、新疆、四川、宁夏和黑龙江5个地区栽培的六妹羊肚菌干品为研究材料。通过对六妹羊肚菌菌盖、菌柄中氨基酸、矿物质、蛋白质、粗脂肪、灰分、总糖和维生素C的含量进行测定,对比分析菌盖与菌柄在营养成分含量上的差异。结果表明,5个地区六妹羊肚菌菌柄中均富含15种氨基酸,必需氨基酸含量均超过FAO/WHO推荐的模式值;5个地区六妹羊肚菌矿物质元素中只检测到重金属元素Cr,其含量符合国家标准要求,菌柄中Na和K的含量均高于菌盖,而且部分地区菌柄中Se含量也高于菌盖;5个地区六妹羊肚菌菌柄和菌盖中蛋白质含量高于全国平均值,粗脂肪含量低于全国平均值,符合当代高蛋白、低脂肪的饮食概念;5个地区六妹羊肚菌菌柄的总糖含量均高于同一地区菌盖的总糖含量。以上结果表明六妹羊肚菌菌柄可作为经济环保的蛋白质和矿物质来源及多糖提取原料,值得进一步深加工和综合开发利用。
During the picking and consumption of Morchella sextelata,a large amount of waste stalks are generated,and improper disposal of stalks can lead to a huge waste of resources.In order to investigate the nutritional components of Morchella sextelata stalks and improve the utilization rate of Morchella sextelata,the dried products of Morchella sextelata cultivated in five regions such as Shaanxi,Xinjiang,Sichuan,Ningxia and Heilongjiang are selected as the research materials in this study.Through the determination of the content of amino acids,minerals,proteins,crude fat,ash,total sugar and vitamin C in the caps and stalks of Morchella sextelata,the differences in nutrient content between the caps and the stalks are compared and analyzed.The results show that the stalks of Morchella sextelata from the five regions are all rich in 15 kinds of amino acids,with the content of essential amino acids exceeding the model values recommended by FAO/WHO;among the mineral elements in Morchella sextelata from the five regions,only the heavy metal element Cr is detected,and its content is in accordance with the national standards;the content of Na and K in the stalks is higher than that in the caps,and in the stalks of Morchella sextelata from some regions,the Se content is also higher than that in the caps;the protein content in the stalks and caps of Morchella sextelata from the five regions is higher than the national average value,while the content of crude fat is lower than the national average value,which is in accordance with the contemporary dietary concept of high protein and low fat;the total sugar content in the stalks of Morchella sextelata from the five regions is all higher than that in the caps of Morchella sextelata from the same region.The above results indicate that the stalks of Morchella sextelata can serve as an economical and environmentally friendly source of protein and minerals,as well as the raw material for polysaccharide extraction,and is worthy of further deep processing and comprehensive development and utilization.
作者
裴龙英
赵旭东
王晓雨
徐恒
张恒
刘依然
周雨亭
刘伟
PEI Long-ying;ZHAO Xu-dong;WANG Xiao-yu;XU Heng;ZHANG Heng;LIU Yi-ran;ZHOU Yu-ting;LIU Wei(College of Food Science and Engineering,Xinjiang Institute of Technology,Aksu 843100,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Engineering and Technology Research Center of Xinjiang Black Fungus,Aksu 843000,China)
出处
《中国调味品》
北大核心
2026年第2期236-243,共8页
China Condiment
基金
中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(ZYYD2022C03)
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2024D01C271)
新疆理工学院校级科研项目(ZY202405)
新疆理工学院高层次人才研究启动基金项目(XJLG2023G001)。
关键词
六妹羊肚菌
营养成分
氨基酸
矿物质元素
对比分析
Morchella sextelata
nutritional components
amino acids
mineral elements
comparative analysis
