摘要
河南主要林区地处南北气候过渡带,地形复杂、林型多样,是生态屏障也是森林火险高发区,集中分布于太行山、伏牛山和大别山。受气候变化与极端天气影响,高温、干旱、大风叠加,火灾频发。当前存在火源管控难、可燃物载量高、扑救条件受限、装备适配性差、信息化水平低及指挥体系不健全等问题。分析了气候干旱、地形水源、林分结构、资金投入与公众意识等关键影响因素,提出应加强基础设施与水源建设、推广新型装备、优化多战法协同、提升监测调度能力、健全跨区域应急机制,并强化宣传教育,以构建系统化、适应性强的森林防灭火体系。
Henan’s major forest areas are located in the transitional zone between northern and southern climates,featuring complex terrain and diverse forest types.These regions serve as a critical ecological barrier but are also prone to frequent forest fires,primarily concentrated in the Taihang,Funiu,and Dabie Mountains.Under the influence of climate change and extreme weather events—particularly the combined effects of high temperatures,drought,and strong winds—fire incidence has increased significantly.Current challenges include difficulties in ignition source control,high fuel loads,limited firefighting accessibility due to rugged terrain,inadequate equipment suitability,low informatization levels,and an incomplete command system.In this paper,key contributing factors such as climate-induced drought,topography and water availability,forest stand composition,insufficient funding,and weak public awareness were identified.A comprehensive strategy encompassing enhanced fire prevention infrastructure and water supply systems,deployment of adaptive firefighting equipment,integrated multi-tactic suppression approaches,improved real-time monitoring and information-based dispatch capabilities,robust cross-regional emergency response mechanisms,and intensified public education and community engagement was proposed,aiming to establish a systematic and resilient forest fire prevention and suppression framework.
作者
王金德
WANG Jin-de(Gansu Provincial Forest Fire Brigade,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,P.R.China)
出处
《森林防火》
2026年第1期65-68,共4页
JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE SCIENCE
基金
国家林业和草原局重点实验室开放基金项目(ICBR-2020-09)。
关键词
河南林区
森林防灭火
影响因素
对策建议
应急机制
Henan forest area
Forest fire prevention and extinguishing
Influencing factors
Countermeasures and suggestions
Emergency response mechanism
