摘要
目的分析2013—2023年山东大学学校突发传染病事件的流行病学特征,为制定精准防控策略提供依据。方法收集山东大学该期间学校突发传染病事件资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析三间分布,采用χ^(2)检验进行率的比较。运用全局Moran’s I指数评估空间聚集性。结果共报告学校突发传染病事件248起,年际间罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2514.07,P<0.01)。事件以丙类和其他类传染病为主;传播途径以呼吸道传染病(59.68%)和肠道传染病(40.32%)为主。时间分布呈现2—3月、5—6月和11—12月三个高峰。托幼机构和小学报告事件数最多,占总数的65.32%。全局空间自相关分析显示,事件分布差异无统计学意义(Moran’s I=0.15,Z=1.53,P=0.13)。结论近十一年山东大学学校突发传染病报告呈波动上升高趋势,防控重点为呼吸道与肠道传染病,尤其应关注流行性感冒和新冠病毒感染。建议实施差异化防控,提升学校传染病应对能力。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of school-based infectious disease outbreaks in Jinan City from 2013 to 2023,and to provide a basis for formulating precise prevention and control strategies.Methods Data on school-based infectious disease outbreaks during this period in Jinan City were collected.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution,and the rate comparison was conducted using the χ^(2) test.The global Moran’s I index was used to evaluate spatial clustering.Results A total of 248 school-based infectious disease outbreaks were reported.There was a statistically significant difference in the annual incidence rate(χ^(2)=2514.07,P<0.01).The outbreaks were mainly caused by Class C and other types of infectious diseases;among the transmission routes,respiratory infectious diseases(59.68%)and intestinal infectious diseases(40.32%)were predominant.The time distribution showed three peaks in February-March,May-June,and November-December.Kindergartens and primary schools reported the most outbreaks,accounting for 65.32%of the total.Global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of events(Moran’s I=0.15,Z=1.53,P=0.13).Conclusion The reporting of school-based infectious disease outbreaks in Jinan City has shown a fluctuating upward trend over the past eleven years.The focus of prevention and control is on respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases,especially influenza and COVID-19.It is recommended to implement differentiated prevention and control measures and enhance the school’s ability to respond to infectious diseases.
作者
王蔚茹
耿兴义
张琦
金雅晴
马彩霞
刘仲
Wang Weiru;Geng Xingyi;Zhang Qi;Jin Yaqing;Ma Caixia;Liu Zhong(Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan,Shandong 250021,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2025年第4期522-525,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
基金
山东大学卫生健康委员会公共卫生计划专项(2023-公-25)
山东省学校卫生协会科研课题(SDWS2023029)。
关键词
学校
传染病
突发公共卫生事件
流行特征
educational institutions
infectious diseases
public health Crises
characteristics of epidemics
