摘要
【目的】燕窝果(Selenicereus megalanthus),一种有刺黄皮白肉火龙果,是一种高价值热带水果,甜度高、口感酷似燕窝,富含花青素、维生素C、膳食纤维、铁及植物性蛋白,且含有萜类、酮类、内酯等功能性成分,营养价值高,深受消费者欢迎,但作为一种新兴水果,对其在广西百色的引种表现缺乏研究报道。本研究旨在了解燕窝果在百色气候条件下的生长习性及栽培技术,为其在广西百色推广种植提供参考依据。【方法】以燕窝果为试验材料,采用分区对比设计,设置3次重复,观察物候期,测定单果质量、果实横径、果实纵径、果皮质量、果皮厚度、可溶性固形物含量等性状指标,并计算产量及经济效益。【结果】经过多年引种的观察发现,燕窝果在百色适宜环境下正常生长1年可成熟2~3批果实,集中上市时间为2—4月和9—11月,能够与红肉火龙果错峰上市,填补火龙果销售市场的空白。燕窝果平均单果质量283.92 g,中心可溶性固形物含量为20.3%,稳产期的产量为14 187.65 kg/hm^(2),市场零售价在60~70元/kg,平均利润为590 005元/hm^(2),其经济效益高于火龙果品种金都1号的。【结论】燕窝果在广西百色地区的农艺、经济性状综合表现良好,其经济效益远高于市面上红肉火龙果品种的。
【Objective】Ecuadorian dragon fruit,a spiny yellow-skinned,white-fleshed dragon fruit,is a high-value tropical fruit with high sweetness and a texture similar to bird's nest.It is rich in anthocyanins,vitamin C,dietary fiber,iron,and plant-based protein,also contains functional components including terpenes,ketones,and lactones.Its high nutritional value makes it very popular in consumers.However,as an emerging variety,there was no research on its introduction and cultivation techniques in Baise City,Guangxi.This study aimed to explore the growth habits and cultivation techniques of ecuadorian dragon fruit under the conditions of Baise City,so as to provide a reference for its promotion and cultivation in Baise City,Guangxi.【Method】Using ecuadorian dragon fruits as experimental materials,a block comparison design with 3 replicates was employed to observe phenological stages.Single fruit weight,fruit transverse diameter,fruit longitudinal diameter,peel weight,peel thickness,soluble solids content and other traits were measured,and the yield and economic benefits were estimated.【Result】Based on years of observation following introduction,ecuadorian dragon fruit could produce 2~3 batches of ripe fruits annually under suitable conditions in Baise City.Peak harvest periods occurred from February to April and from September to November,enabling staggered market release compared to red-fleshed dragon fruit and filling the gaps in dragon fruit sales market.The average fruit weight of ecuadorian dragon fruit was 283.92 g,with a central soluble solids content of 20.3%.The average yield in stable production period was 14187.65 kg/hm^(2).The market retail price ranged from 60 to 70 yuan/kg,with an average profit of 590005 yuan/hm^(2),which was higher than that of dragon fruit variety Jindu No.1.【Conclusion】Ecuadorian dragon fruit showed excellent comprehensive performance in the Baise region of Guangxi in terms of agronomy and economic traits.In addition,its economic benefits are significantly higher than those of red-fleshed dragon fruit varieties on the market.
作者
蒲美玲
罗卢弟
陈梓亮
农媛
蒙雨桐
韦爱琳
PU MeiLing;LUO LuDi;CHEN ZiLiang;NONG Yuan;MENG YuTong;WEI AiLin(Baise Branch of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Baise Agricultural Science Research Institute,Baise,Guangxi 533612,China)
出处
《农业研究与应用》
2026年第1期102-108,共7页
Journal of Agricultural Research and Application
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系广西特色水果产业创新团队建设项目(nycytxgxcxtd-2024-17-12)。
关键词
火龙果
燕窝果
引种表现
栽培技术
Pitaya
ecuadorian dragon fruit
introduction performance
cultivation technique
