摘要
古典芭蕾中的身体呈现出规范化、程式化和标准化的特点,一直以来是诸多舞蹈家们讨论和关注的要点之一。但在以往对于古典芭蕾的讨论中,我们通常关注古典芭蕾叙事和政治社会的关系,而忽略了其本体——身体的重要性。由此,我们以古典芭蕾中女性舞者的身体为切入点,聚焦权力是如何塑造和规训身体并使其呈现出如今的范式。权力的主体从最初以路易十四为代表的国家皇权通过建立知识机构确立芭蕾身体的标准,到以浪漫主义芭蕾开端之作《仙女》编导菲利普·塔里奥尼为代表的创作者通过塑造舞剧角色细化芭蕾身体的标准,再到如今以芭蕾演员自身为代表的个体通过凝视自身内化芭蕾身体的标准。权力塑造古典芭蕾舞者的身体经历了皇室权力、编导权力、个体权力的演变。皇室权力通过知识话语的建构使芭蕾完成了肉体生命与社会身份的统一,编导权力通过规训完成了对身体的去主体化,个体权力通过凝视完成了对身体标准的内化。
The body in classical ballet exhibits characteristics of standardization,stylization,and normalization,and has long been one of the key points discussed and focused on by many choreographers.However,in previous discussions on classical ballet,attention has often been centered on the relationship between classical ballet narratives and the political society,overlooking the importance of its ontology--the body.Therefore,this paper takes the female dancer's body in classical ballet as a starting point,focusing on how power shapes and disciplines the body,leading to its current paradigm.The subject of power has evolved from the initial royal authority,represented by Louis XIV,which established the standards for the ballet body through the creation of academic institutions;to the choreographic power,represented by Filippo Taglioni with his romantic ballet La Sylphide,which refined the standards of the ballet body through shaping character roles;and further to the contemporary individual power,represented by ballet dancers themselves,who internalize the standards of the ballet body through self-gazing.The power shaping the classical ballet dancer's body has undergone an evolution from royal power to choreographic power,and finally to individual power.Royal power achieved the identification of physical life with social identity through the construction of academic discourse;choreographic power accomplished the de-subjectification of the body through discipline;and individual power completed the internalization of body standards through the gaze.
作者
熊佳琦
Xiong Jiaqi(Chinese National Academy of Arts,Beijing 100012)
出处
《新疆艺术学院学报》
2025年第4期17-26,共10页
Journal of Xinjiang Arts University
关键词
身体
古典芭蕾
凝视
规训
Body
Classical Ballet
Gaze
Discipline
