摘要
目的分析汽车制造业噪声作业人群职业健康素养(OHL)现状及其影响因素。方法采用判断抽样方法,选择1188名汽车制造业噪声作业一线工人为研究对象,采用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查个人问卷》调查其OHL现状,分析OHL影响因素。结果研究对象总体OHL水平为30.13%(358/1188)。二分类logistic回归分析结果显示,研究对象OHL水平的独立影响因素包括婚姻状况、文化程度、个人月收入、户口性质、企业规模和每周工作时间(P值均<0.05);其中,已婚、高中及以上文化程度、个人月收入>5000元、非农业户口、中型企业和每周工作时间>40~48 h均是OHL水平的保护因素(P值均<0.05)。结论汽车制造业噪声作业工人OHL水平尚有较大提升空间。要重点关注汽车制造业噪声作业人群中未婚/丧偶/离婚、高中以下文化程度、个人月收入≤5000元、农业户口、小微型企业、每周工作时间≤40 h的群体,采取针对性措施以提升其总体OHL水平。
Objective To analyze the current status and influencing factors of occupational health literacy(OHL)among noiseexposed workers in the automotive manufacturing industry.Methods A total of 1188 front-line workers in noise-exposed positions in the automotive manufacturing industry were selected by judgment sampling method.The OHL status of the workers was investigated using the Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of National Key Population,and the influencing factors of OHL were analyzed.Results The overall OHL level was 30.13%(358/1188).The result of binary logistic regression analysis showed that marital status,educational level,personal monthly income,household registration,enterprise scale and weekly working hours were influencing factors of OHL level(all P<0.05).Specifically,being married,having a high school education or higher,monthly personal income>5000 yuan,being from a non-agricultural household,working in a medium-sized enterprise,and working more than>40-48 hours per week were protective factors for high OHL levels(all P<0.05).Conclusion There is considerable room for improvement in the OHL of noise-exposed workers in the automotive manufacturing industry.Focus should be placed on workers who are unmarried,widowed,or divorced,have educational levels below high school,earn less than 5000 yuan per month,have agricultural household registrations,work in small or micro-sized enterprises,or work≤40 hours per week,with targeted strategies to improve their overall OHL level.
作者
虞心阳
向蓥飞
黄丽屏
聂豪廷
陈惠清
杨敏
陈嘉斌
YU Xinyang;XIANG Yingfei;HUANG Liping;NIE Haoting;CHEN Huiqing;YANG Min;CHEN Jiabin(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China;不详)
出处
《中国职业医学》
2025年第4期436-440,共5页
China Occupational Medicine
基金
广东省医学科学技术研究基金(C2023020)。
关键词
汽车制造业
噪声作业
职业健康素养
现况调查
影响因素
Automotive manufacturing industry
Noise-exposed
Occupational health literacy
Status survey
Influencing factor
