摘要
目的分析江苏省重点人群职业健康素养(OHL)和心理健康状况,探讨OHL对职业紧张、抑郁症状、焦虑症状和失眠症状的影响。方法采用分层整群随机抽样和概率比例规模抽样相结合的方法,于2023年4—12月选择江苏省11181名劳动者为研究对象,采用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查个人问卷》(包含《职业紧张测量核心量表》《患者健康问卷》《广泛性焦虑量表》《自我管理睡眠问卷》)调查劳动者OHL水平和职业紧张、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、失眠症状情况。结果研究对象OHL水平为41.7%,职业健康法律知识、职业健康保护基本知识、职业健康保护基本技能、健康工作方式和行为4个维度素养水平依次为40.6%、76.4%、28.0%和54.4%;职业紧张、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、失眠症状检出率分别为21.8%、17.7%、26.4%和29.6%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,在排除个体因素和职业因素的混杂影响后,具备OHL人群检出职业紧张、抑郁症状、焦虑症状和失眠症状的风险均低于不具备OHL者(P值均<0.01),比值比及其95%置信区间依次为0.448(0.402~0.499)、0.664(0.593~0.742)、0.705(0.639~0.777)和0.885(0.809~0.969)。结论OHL是江苏省重点人群职业紧张、抑郁症状、焦虑症状和失眠症状的独立影响因素;应采取有效措施提升劳动者OHL水平,以降低其职业紧张、抑郁症状、焦虑症状和失眠症状的发生风险。
Objective To analyze the level of occupational health literacy(OHL)and mental health status in key populations in Jiangsu Province,and explore the impact of OHL on occupational stress,depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptoms.Methods A total of 11181 workers from Jiangsu Province from April to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects using a combination of stratified cluster random sampling and probability proportional sampling method.The OHL levels of the workers,as well as their occupational stress,depression symptoms,anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptoms,were investigated using the Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of National Key Populations(including Occupational Health Literacy Scale,Core Occupational Stress Scale,Patient Health Questionaire-9,Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale,and Self-Sleep Management Questionnaire).Results The OHL level of the research subjects was 41.7%,and the literacy levels of the four dimensions of occupational health legal knowledge,basic knowledge of occupational health protection,basic skills of occupational health protection,and healthy working style and behavior were 40.6%,76.4%,28.0%and 54.4%,respectively.The detection rates of occupational stress,depression symptoms,anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptoms were 21.8%,17.7%,26.4%and 29.6%,respectively.The result of multivariable logistic analysis showed that participants with adequate OHL had a lower risk of occupational stress,depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms,and insomnia symptoms than those without adequate OHL(all P<0.01)after controlling individual and occupational confounding factors.The odds ratios and their 95%confidence intervals were 0.448(0.402-0.499),0.664(0.593-0.742),0.705(0.639-0.777)and 0.885(0.809-0.969),respectively.Conclusion OHL is an independent influencing factor for occupational stress,depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptoms in key populations from Jiangsu Province.Effective measures should be taken to improve the OHL level of workers,to reduce the risks of occupational stress,depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptoms.
作者
万保玉
吴培红
高鑫妮
张红兵
韩磊
吴文
张巧耘
WAN Baoyu;WU Peihong;GAO Xinni;ZHANG Hongbing;HAN Lei;WU Wen;ZHANG Qiaoyun(Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Preventive Medicine),Nanjing,Jiangsu 210009,China;不详)
出处
《中国职业医学》
2025年第4期393-400,共8页
China Occupational Medicine
基金
江苏省职业健康科研项目(JSZJ20231201)。
关键词
职业健康素养
心理健康
职业紧张
抑郁症状
焦虑症状
失眠症状
影响因素
Occupational health literacy
Mental health
Occupational stress
Depressive symptom
Anxiety symptom
Insomnia symptom
Influencing factor
