摘要
电离辐射处理普通小麦种子、花粉或植株,可引起花粉母细胞减数分裂行为异常,染色体畸变与基因突变,获得多种多样的突变体,并在育种上加以应用,已有大量报道。在远缘杂交育种上Sears等利用单体、双体异附加系,进行辐射处理,将野生种山羊草(Aegilops)、偃麦草(Agropyron)载有抗病基因的染色体片断转移到普通小麦的染色体上,育成一些高度抗病的品系;百足等将普通小麦与小黑麦杂交后代进行辐射处理,利用诱发的易位,将黑麦具有抗病基因的染色体片断转移到普通小麦的染色体上,选育出一些抗病的易位系,这些工作对远缘杂交的应用及异源染色体的导入具有重要意义。
In order to research the influence of different rays,doses upon meiosis configuration of pollen mother cell and its fertility;chromosomal aberration and types and inheritance of character mutation,we have dealt with the triticale or the filial generation of the triticale and common wheat in radiation,Observations have been made that the filial generation of triticale is sensitive to doses,and that the types of chromosomal aberration are very complicated.There appear the multivalent chromosome bridges,lagging chromosome,fragments,and chromosome agglutination and a lot of surplus micronucleus in the tetrad.The types of mutation are rather complex too,from which the sorts of the short stalk’s premature wheat with the better plumness of seeds than parents can be selected.This performs a certain function of speeding up the process of the breeding of the remote hybridization.
作者
李集临
徐香玲
赵连喜
薛玺
Li Ji-lin;Xu Xiang-ling;Zhao Lian-xi;Xue Xi(Department of Biology,Harbin Teacher's University)
出处
《中国农业科学》
1981年第1期12-20,97-98,共11页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
