摘要
[目的]研究农村彝族地区老年人健康促进生活方式现状,分析其与抑郁倾向的相关性。[方法]采用分层随机抽样方法,对凉山州彝族地区60岁及以上的农村老年居民进行线下问卷调查。[结果]共纳入466名农村彝族老年人,明显抑郁倾向检出率为18.80%。单因素分析结果显示,婚姻状况、健康状况、生活满意度、是否为空巢老人、每月赶集次数对农村彝族老年人总评健康状况影响最为显著(P<0.01)。相关性分析显示:健康促进多个维度与抑郁倾向存在显著的负相关关系(P<0.001),其中以精神成长与抑郁倾向之间的相关性最强(r=-0.459,P<0.001)。多元线性回归显示:精神成长、文化与信仰、体育运动是最显著因素,表现为精神成长、文化与信仰每增加1分,抑郁倾向风险评分则分别减少1.759分和0.774分;体育运动每增加1分,抑郁倾向风险评分则增加0.676分,与彝族老年人参加体育运动的特殊性有关。[结论]农村彝族老人的抑郁倾向风险问题不容忽视,健康促进生活方式是农村彝族老人心理健康的重要保护因素。政府及社区在防控老年人群心理疾病的同时,可通过适当开展群体性活动、提供精神支持和尊重文化信仰、减轻农务劳动强度等方式,有效降低抑郁倾向风险。
Objective To study the current status of health-promoting lifestyles and analyze its correlation with depressive tendencies among older adults of Yi ethnic group in rural areas.Methods A stratified random sampling method was adopted to conduct offline questionnaire surveys among rural senior residents aged 60 and above in the Yi ethnic areas of Liangshan Prefecture.Results A total of 466 older adults of Yi ethnic group in rural areas were included,and the detection rate of obvious depressive tendencies was 18.80%.The results of single factor analysis showed that marital status,health condition,life satisfaction,whether they were empty-nest elders,and the number of going to the fair per month had the most significant impact on the overall health status of older adults of Yi ethnic group in rural areas(P<0.01).The correlation analysis revealed that there was a significant negative correlation between multiple dimensions of health promotion and depressive tendencies(P<0.001).Among them,the correlation between spiritual growth and depressive tendencies was the strongest(r=-0.459,P<0.001).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that mental growth,culture and belief,and physical activities were the most significant factors.Specifically,for every one-point increase in spiritual growth and cultural and belief,the risk scores of depressive tendencies decreased by 1.759 points and 0.774 points respectively;for every one-point increase in physical activities,the risk scores of depressive tendencies increased by 0.676 points,which was related to the particularity of older adults of Yi ethnic group participating in physical activities.Conclusions The risk of depression among older adults of Yi ethnic group in rural areas cannot be overlooked.Health-promoting lifestyles are a crucial protective factor for the mental health of older adults of Yi ethnic group in rural areas.While preventing mental disorders in older adults,the government and communities should carry out group activities,provide spiritual support and respect cultural beliefs,and reduce the intensity of agricultural labor to effectively lower the risk of depressive tendencies.
作者
蓝英
杨佳于
沙马史吉
蒋祺
覃靖婷
吴琪
夏晓红
LAN Ying;YANG Jiayu;SHAMA Shiji;JIANG Qi;QIN Jingting;WU Qi;XIA Xiaohong(Key Laboratory of Digital-Intelligent Disease Surveillance and Health Governance/School of Management,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong Sichuan 637000,China;School of Medical Imaging,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong Sichuan 637000,China;School of Stomatology,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong Sichuan 637000,China;School of Nursing,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong Sichuan 637000,China)
出处
《卫生软科学》
2025年第10期45-50,61,共7页
Soft Science of Health
基金
川北医学院管理学院2024/2025年学科建设重点项目资助
南充市社会科学界联合会2025年一般课题资助(NC 25B189)。
关键词
凉山州
彝族
农村老年人
健康促进生活方式
抑郁倾向
Liangshan Prefecture
Yi minority
older adults in rural areas
health-promoting lifestyles
the tendency of depression
