摘要
为探讨市场化视角下我国铁路货运杂费体系的优化方法,建立适应市场需求的杂费管理模式,在梳理铁路货运杂费的改革进程及现有体系基础上,结合区域经济、自然垄断和可竞争性等理论,分析杂费费收存在的费率脱节市场、浮动权限不足等问题,提出分类定价改革方案,从杂费费率管理的角度将杂费服务项目分为国铁集团统一定价、铁路局集团公司浮动权限定价、铁路局集团公司自主定价,并针对性推进竞争性服务市场化定价、完善基础性服务成本定价、加强费率定价管理,可有效优化杂费体系,为铁路货运杂费市场化改革提供参考。
To develop a market-oriented optimization scheme for the ancillary charge system of China’s railway freight and establish an ancillary charge management mode suitable for market demands,this study reviewed the historical reform process and the current framework of ancillary charges.Drawing on theories of regional economics,natural monopoly,and contestability,the study identified problems in the current charging practice,such as rates misaligned with market conditions and insufficient pricing discretion.A classified pricing reform scheme was proposed,and the railway ancillary charges were classified into three categories from the perspective of charge management,including unified pricing by China Railway,banded(floating-authority)pricing by regional railway administrations,and fully independent pricing by regional railway administrations.Additionally,market-based pricing for competitive services,cost-based pricing for essential services,and stricter oversight of pricing practices were put forward.These strategies effectively optimized the ancillary charge system and provided guidance for market-oriented reform of the ancillary charges of China’sRailway Freight.
作者
黄鑫
黄玮青
周茵
HUANG Xin;HUANG Weiqing;ZHOU Yin(Haoji Railway Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100070,China;Freight Transport Department,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China;Transportation&Economics Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《铁路物流》
2025年第8期1-6,共6页
Railway Logisitics
基金
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(N2023X34)
中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2024YJ233)。
关键词
铁路
货运
市场化
杂费
优化策略
Railway
Freight
Market-Oriented
Ancillary Charge
Optimization Strategy
