摘要
【目的】针对寒地黑土区水稻秸秆还田时秸秆腐解速度慢的问题,筛选低温木质素降解细菌以破除木质素的阻碍,提升寒区秸秆还田后秸秆的降解效率。【方法】在冬季采集土壤样品,以木质素磺酸钠为唯一碳源,采用平板划线法分离纯培养菌株,并通过单因素试验及响应面试验对木质素降解条件进行优化。【结果】获得了一株能在15℃条件下降解木质素的细菌,命名为嗜冷假单胞菌(Pseudomonas psychrophila)BYAU-6。该菌在5-15℃范围内均具有较强的木质素降解能力。筛选培养条件为:木质素磺酸钠添加量0.5 g/L、蛋白胨与酵母粉质量比5:1、初始pH 7.0、装液量80%。优化后的木质素降解条件为:木质素磺酸钠添加量0.3 g/L、蛋白胨与酵母粉质量比3.2:2.8、初始pH 5.3、装液量80%。在此条件下,木质素降解率由12.33%上升到15.78%,比优化前提高了21.9%。盆栽试验研究结果显示,添加菌剂对秸秆还田效率有显著影响。不接菌的对照组秸秆降解率为27.0%,而接种菌株P.psychrophila BYAU-6处理后秸秆降解率提升至37.5%,秸秆降解率提升了38.89%(P<0.05)。【结论】本研究为寒区秸秆降解提供了新的微生物资源,并为后续低温木质素降解菌株的研究提供了数据参考。
[Objective]In view of the low decomposition rate of rice straw in black soil fields of cold regions,it is crucial to isolate lignin-degrading bacteria adaptive to low temperatures to enhance the straw degradation efficiency.[Methods]Soil samples were collected in winter,and the bacterial strains capable of degrading lignin were isolated by the streak-plate method with sodium lignosulfonate as a sole carbon source.The degradation conditions was carried out through optimized by single factor experiment sand response surface methodology.[Results]Pseudomonas psychrophila BYAU-6 was isolated,exhibiting strong lignin-degrading activity in low-temperature environments(5-15℃).The culture conditions for strain screening were as follows:sodium lignosulfonate addition amount of 0.5 g/L,a peptone-to-yeast powder mass ratio of 5:1,initial pH 7.0,and a liquid loading volume of 80%.The optimal culture conditions for lignin degradation were determined as follows:sodium lignosulfonate addition amount of 0.3 g/L,a peptone-to-yeast powder mass ratio of 3.2:2.8,initial pH 5.3,and a liquid loading volume of 80%.Under these conditions,the lignin degradation rate increased from 12.33% to 15.78%,representing an increase of 21.9%.The results of the pot experiment showed that the control group(without inoculation)achieved a straw degradation rate of 27.0%,while the inoculation with strain BYAU-6 achieved a straw degradation rate of 37.5%,an increase of 38.89%compared with the control(P<0.05).[Conclusion]This study provides novel microbial resources for straw degradation in cold regions and valuable data for future research on lignin-degrading strains under low-temperature conditions.
作者
范寒雪
邹世杰
章圣龙
王敬红
程琰
邴文荣
Aman Khan
魏丹
王伟东
FAN Hanxue;ZOU Shijie;ZHANG Shenglong;WANG Jinghong;CHENG Yan;BING Wenrong;Khan Aman;WEI Dan;WANG Weidong(College of Life Science and Biotechnology,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration of the Ministry of Education,College of Life Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China;Institute of Plant Nutrition,Resources and Environment,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing,China;Heilongjiang Guohong Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Co.,Ltd.,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《微生物学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期3273-3286,共14页
Acta Microbiologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金(U22A20444)
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1500501-01)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2572023CT08)。
关键词
低温
木质素
秸秆
生物降解
降解条件优化
low temperature
lignin
straw
biodegradation
optimization of degradation conditions
