摘要
行政及其实践处在与环境复杂性相适应的权变过程之中。因应秩序行政到给付行政的环境变化,常态社会行政的经典科层架构呈现出向多层级组织、多阶段行为、多主体责任构成的“科层分化型”构造扩展的渐进式权变过程。复杂社会中应急行政环境的剧烈变化,促使行政在组织、行为、责任等要素层面的整合,推动了紧急情境下行政结构由“科层分化”向“行政一体”的突生式权变。行政一体权变集中展现了我国行政系统对于系统性安全威胁的良好适应性。基于法学的规范性品质,相同权变逻辑下的不同权变内容对应不同的规范强度。在系统论反思型法范式下,面对外部环境的剧烈变动与行政的有效权变,风险社会下的应急法需要进行补足主动性与适应性的反思与调适。这一方面体现为法律系统面向外部的认知互动与边界厘定,另一方面体现为面向内部对制度级差、权变路径依赖与常态应急转换态的规范适应性调适。
Administration and its practice are engaged in a contingent process that evolves in response to environmental complexity.In response to environmental changes from order-based administration to service-oriented administration,the classic bureaucratic structure of normal social administration undergoes a gradual contingent process,expanding toward a“differentiated bureaucratic”structure characterized by multi-level organizations,multi-stage actions,and multi-subject responsibilities.The drastic changes in the emergency administrative environment in complex societies have prompted the integration of administration in terms of organization,action,responsibility,and other elements,driving an abrupt contingent transformation of the administrative structure from“bureaucratic differentiation”to“administrative integration”in emergent situations.This contingent transformation toward administrative integration demonstrates the strong adaptability of China's administrative system to systemic security threats.Based on the normative quality of jurisprudence,different contingency contents under the same underlying logic correspond to different normative intensities.Under the reflective legal paradigm of systems theory,emergency law in a risk society requires reflection and adjustment to enhance proactivity and adaptability in the face of dramatic external environmental changes and effective administrative contingency.On one hand,this is reflected externally in the cognitive interaction and boundary definition of the legal system;on the other hand,it is manifested in the normative adaptability of institutional hierarchy,contingency path dependence,and the transformation between normal and emergency states.
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“应急行政中行政法律责任的追究与豁免问题研究”(项目批准号:22CFX057)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
国家安全体系和能力现代化
行政组织法
科层制
权变理论
法社会学
modernization of national security system and capacity
administrative organization law
bureaucracy
contingency theory
sociology of law
