摘要
目的 探讨宁夏长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地动物间鼠疫好发的因素,为动物鼠疫的防控提供科学指导。方法 收集宁夏4个沙鼠鼠疫监测点2005—2023年沙鼠鼠疫疫情资料,用SPSS 25.0软件对数据进行分析,采用双侧Spearman相关分析分别评估春季主要宿主密度、次要宿主密度、主要宿主鼠体蚤指数与动物鼠疫流行强度的相关性。结果 2005—2023年该鼠疫疫源地鼠疫主要宿主长爪沙鼠密度为0.29~5.09只/hm2,平均密度为1.21只/hm2。次要宿主捕获率为3.95%~9.38%,平均捕获为6.65%。主要宿主鼠体蚤指数为0.39~4.31,平均蚤指数为0.93。19年来在宁夏长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地共发生6年次的春季动物间疫情,检出鼠疫菌120株;主要宿主密度与动物鼠疫流行强度无相关性(P=0.464);次要宿主密度与动物鼠疫流行强度无相关性(P=0.098);主要宿主鼠体蚤指数(x)与动物鼠疫流行强度(y)相关(P<0.05),相关系数为0.476,进一步回归分析,得回归方程:y=0.107+0.154x。结论 宁夏长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地春季主要宿主蚤指数与鼠疫流行强度正相关。宁夏与内蒙古自治区鼠疫自然疫源地相接壤的地区是春季沙鼠动物间鼠疫的流行多发区域,及时发现动物间鼠疫、采取灭鼠灭蚤处置和高危人群的宣教工作及网格化管理是关键。
Objective To investigate the factors of the incidence of plague among animals in the natural plague focus of Meriones unguiculatus in Ningxia,so as to provide scientific guidance for the control of animal plague.Methods The epidemic data of plague in Ningxia from 2005 to 2023 was collected from four plague surveillance sites.The data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0 software.The bilateral Spearman correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlation between the density of main host or secondary host or the flea index of main host and epidemic intensity of animal plague,respectively.Results From 2005 to 2023,the density of main host M.unguiculatus in the plague was from 0.29 rodents/hm 2 to 5.09 rodents/hm 2,with an average of 1.21 rodents/hm 2.The capture rate of secondary host was between 3.95%and 9.38%,with an average of 6.65%.The flea index of main host was between 0.39 and 4.31,with an average of 0.93.In the past 19 years,a total of six years of spring inter-animal epidemics occurred in the natural plague focus of M.unguiculatus in Ningxia,and 120 strains of the plague bacteria detected.There was no correlation between the density of main host and epidemic intensity of animal plague(P=0.464).There was no correlation between the density of secondary host and epidemic intensity of animal plague(P=0.098).The flea index of main host(x)was correlated with epidemic intensity of plague(y)(P<0.05),and the correlation coefficient was 0.476.By further regression analysis,the regression equation was obtained:y=0.107+0.154 x.Conclusion The flea index of main host M.unguiculatus in spring was positively correlated with the epidemic intensity of plague in the natural plague focus of M.unguiculatus in Ningxia.The area bordering Ningxia and the natural plague focus in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is an area where plague among gerbils is prevalent in spring.The key control strategies are timely detection of plague,elimination of rats and fleas,education of high risk group and grid administration.
作者
周庚
刘岩
张涛
ZHOU Geng;LIU Yan;ZHANG Tao(Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750001,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
2025年第4期456-459,共4页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
关键词
鼠疫疫源地
长爪沙鼠
主要宿主
次要宿主
蚤指数
流行强度
plague focus
Meriones unguiculatus
main host
secondary host
flea index
prevalence intensity
