摘要
目的分析1970—2019年宁夏盐池县动物鼠疫监测及调查数据,为该地区自然疫源性疾病的防控提供科学指导。方法鼠疫主要宿主密度调查采用坑式布夹法,夜行鼠调查采用5 m夹线法;鼠体蚤的调查采取梳检鼠体表方法;取血进行鼠疫血清学检测;收集1970—2019年鼠疫相关调查数据和资料,并进行统计分析。结果1970—2019年长爪沙鼠总平均密度为2.62只/hm^(2),各年度平均密度波动在0.48~40.59只/hm^(2)之间。夜行鼠调查总平均捕获率为7.57%。各年度小型鼠捕获率波动在3.13%~15.26%之间。鼠体总平均染蚤率为20.28%,各年度鼠体染蚤率波动范围在5.51%~66.42%之间;总平均蚤指数为0.41,各年度蚤指数波动在0.16~1.46之间。检出鼠疫菌267株,其中动物检菌233株,鼠疫媒介检菌34株。鼠血清学检测阳性49份,阳性为0.27%。结论盐池县动物鼠疫流行分布在花马池镇、高沙窝镇和王乐井乡,核心区在花马池镇;动物间鼠疫共发生10个年次的流行,存在明显的间隔期,最长的为16年,最短的4年。
Objective To analyze the monitoring and investigation data of animal plague in Yanchi County of Ningxia from 1970 to 2019,and provide scientific guidance for the prevention and control of natural foci diseases in this area.Methods The density of the main hosts of plague was investigated by the pit clip method,and the density of nocturnal rodents by 5 m-clip method;The parasitic fleas were investigated by combing the surface of the rodents;Rodents blood was taken for pestis serological test;Data of the plague survey in Yanchi County from 1970 to 2019 were collected and analyzed.Results The annual average density of Meriones unguiculatus was 2.62/hm^(2) from 1970 to 2019,with the density fluctuations between 0.48 and 40.59 per hm^(2).The total average capture rate of nocturnal rodents in the survey was 7.57%.The capture rate of small rodents fluctuated between 3.13%and 15.26%.The average flea infection rate of rodents was 20.28%,with the fluctuation between 5.51%and 66.42%in the years;the general flea index was 0.42,fluctuated between 0.16 and 1.46.A total of 267 strains of Yersinia pestis were detected out,233 from animals and 34 from vectors.49 rodents the serological tests were positive,with the positive rate of 0.27%.Conclusion The epidemic of animal plague in Yanchi County was distributed in Huamachi Town,Gaoshawo Town and Wanglejing Township,and the core area was in Huamachi Town.There were 10 annual epidemics of plague among animals,with obvious intervals,the longest as 16 years and the shortest as 4 years.
作者
范海华
武海娅
张涛
FAN Haihua;WU Haiya;ZHANG Tao(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yanchi County,Yanchi,Ningxia 750004,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yingchuan,Ningxia 750004,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
CAS
2024年第1期67-69,共3页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFC260220)。
关键词
自然疫源地
动物鼠疫
蚤指数
鼠疫菌
the natural focus
animal plague
flea index
Yersinia pestis
