摘要
医院建筑作为近代上海重要的市政建筑类型,是连接个人与公共卫生的桥梁,塑造了一种典型的卫生空间,具有数量众多、类型丰富、形态多样、功能复合、专业化程度高的特征。文章初步全面梳理了近代上海医院建筑的发展历程,将其演进划分为传入、发展、成熟三个阶段,分析它从借用民宅、外廊式到集中式型制的变迁轨迹及特征,探讨建筑设备与医疗设备的推动作用,及其对现代医疗观念的重构以及市政形象的完善,认为近代上海卫生的制度化、科学化一定程度上依托于医疗空间的革新,技术复合体与文化载体的双重属性使医院建筑成为展现近代上海现代性的典型场域。
Hospitalarchitecture,as a crucial municipal architecture typology in modern Shanghai,served as a bridge between individual and public health,shaping a typical type of hygienic space.It is characterized by its large quantity,typological diversity,morphological variety,functional complexity,and high degree of specialization.The article preliminarily traces thedevelopment of hospital architecture in modern Shanghai,dividing its evolution into three stages:introduction,development,and maturity.It analyzes the trajectory and characteristics of the change from the borrowed residence,Verandah Style,toa centralizedplan,discussing the role of architectural and medical equipment,and its impact on the reconstruction of medical care perception and the improvement of the civic presence.The article argues that the institutionalization and scientificization of health in modern Shanghai relied on the innovation of medical space and that the dual attributes of the technological complex and cultural carrier have made hospital architecture a typical field for displaying modernity in modern Shanghai.
作者
黄钰婷
张晓春
HUANG Yuting;ZHANG Xiaochun
出处
《时代建筑》
2025年第2期44-53,共10页
Time + Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51878453)
昆明理工大学校人培基金(KKZ3202464058)。
关键词
近代上海
医院建筑
外廊式
卫生分散化
功能集中化
卫生
现代性
Modern Shanghai
Hospital Architecture
Verandah Style
Hygienic Decentralization
Functional Centralization
Hygiene
Modernity
