摘要
教育具有天然的社会属性,其评价系统本应嵌入社会生态系统之中,然而,当前基础教育评价改革正经历一场“脱嵌”危机。以“脱嵌—再嵌入”为理论线索,揭示评价自系统价值理性脱嵌、社会需求脱嵌、多元共治脱嵌、文化根脉脱嵌的四重困境,并厘清评价改革的价值嵌入逻辑、经济嵌入逻辑、治理嵌入逻辑与文化嵌入逻辑。正因评价自系统的社会嵌入性缺失,存在“分数资本化”侵蚀教育本真价值、技术理性扩张致使人文价值消解、传统评价惯习难以适配现代社会需求、资源配置失衡弱化政策执行效能、多元诉求分化下的协同机制悬置五大核心症结,制约着评价改革的纵深发展。为突破桎梏,基于社会生态系统的分析框架,借鉴帕森斯的社会系统整合模型,探索“制度—价值—权力—文化”四维协同嵌入路径,通过制度创新、价值校准、权力重构与文化再生,推动教育资源实现供需动态适配,促进教育评价回归育人本真,构建多元诉求的协调秩序,培育社会生态的精神文化,最终重塑基础教育评价改革的社会生态。
Education inherently possesses social attributes,and its evaluation system should be embedded within the socio-ecological system.However,the current basic education evaluation reform is undergoing a“disembeddedness”crisis.Using the“disembeddedness-re-embeddedness”theoretical framework,this study identifies four predicaments:the disembeddedness of value rationality,social needs,pluralistic co-governance,and cultural roots in the evaluation subsystem.It further clarifies the re-embeddedness logic of evaluation reform in terms of values,economy,governance,and culture.The absence of social embeddedness in the evaluation subsystem has led to five core issues:(1)the capitalization of scores eroding education's intrinsic value,(2)the expansion of technical rationality dissolving humanistic values,(3)traditional evaluation practices failing to adapt to modern societal demands,(4)imbalanced resource allocation weakening policy efficacy,and(5)suspended coordination mechanisms amid fragmented pluralistic demands,all constraining the reform's advancement.To overcome these barriers,drawing on the socio-ecological analytical framework and Parsons'AGIL model,this research proposes a four-dimensional synergistic path of“institution-value-power-culture”embedding.Through institutional innovation,value recalibration,power restructuring,and cultural regeneration,it aims to achieve dynamic supply-demand alignment of educational resources,restore education's fundamental purpose within evaluation,construct a coordinated order for diverse demands,and cultivate socio-ecological spiritual culture—ultimately realizing the socio-ecological restructuring of basic education evaluation reform.
作者
朱德全
刘璐璐
ZHU De-quan;LIU Lu-lu(Department of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Education Development Research Institute,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《苏州大学学报(教育科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第4期1-11,共11页
Journal of Soochow University(Educational Science Edition)
基金
教育部哲学社会科学2022年度重大课题攻关项目“新时代教育评价改革的实现路径研究”(项目编号:22JZD046)的阶段性研究成果。
