摘要
晚清《中西通书》(1852-1866)对牛顿学说进行了多面译介,实为牛顿学说传入中国的关键一环,但主要由于资料限制,相关研究比较薄弱。1853年通书介绍了牛顿的圆锥曲线说和岁差理论,列举了牛顿的重要科学发现。1854年通书所载“万物互相牵引论”首次完整引入了万有引力定律并详述了其天文学应用,所载“光学举要”较早介绍了牛顿的光学实验和理论。1855年至1857年通书连载的“流质重学略”含有牛顿流体力学原理。这几篇译文的原文也经过考证得以确定。
The Chinese and Western Almanac(1852-1866)introduced various aspects of Newton’s theories,marking a crucial phase in the introduction of Newtonian thought to China.However,related research has been relatively weak,mainly due to limited source materials.The 1853 almanac introduced Newton’s theories of conic sections and precession,and listed his major scientific discoveries.The“Theory of Universal Attraction”published in the 1854 almanac presented the first complete introduction of the law of universal gravitation and its astronomical applications,while the“Essentials of Optics”in the same volume provided an early introduction to Newton’s optical experiments and theories.The“Elementary Fluid Mechanics”serialized in the almanac from 1855 to 1857 contained Newton’s principles of fluid dynamics.The original source texts for these translations have also been verified through textual research.
作者
万兆元
WAN Zhaoyuan(Center for Studies of Values and Culture/School of Philosophy,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875)
出处
《自然辩证法通讯》
北大核心
2025年第5期11-18,共8页
Journal of Dialectics of Nature
关键词
牛顿学说
《中西通书》
“万物互相牵引论”
“光学举要”
“流质重学略”
Newton’s theories
Chinese and Western Almanac
“Universal Gravitation”
“Essentials of Optics”
“Elementary Fluid Mechanics”
