摘要
在乡村人才供需失衡的背景下,基于西南某地42个村2021-2024年面板数据,构建“政策—产业—人力资本”分析框架,通过多元回归模型实证研究乡村产业振兴对大学生返乡创业的驱动机制。结果表明:融合产业生产经营活跃度对大学生返乡率具有显著正向影响,通过农旅融合、智慧农业等新业态创造技术密集型岗位;传统农业与工商业因技术含量较低未能有效吸纳专业人才,农业活跃度与返乡率显著背离,产业升级滞后;返乡群体人力资本适配机制缺失。由此提出优化路径:(1)优先培育融合产业生态,构建“业态孵化+数字基建+教育适配”协同机制;(2)推动传统产业升级,通过技术渗透重塑岗位技能需求;(3)完善贯穿人才引入、培育与留存的全周期政策体系。
In the context of the structural imbalance between the supply and demand of rural talents,this study constructs an analytical framework of “policy-industry-human capital” based on the panel data of 42 villages in southwest China from 2021 to 2024,and empirically studies the driving mechanism of rural industry revitalization on college students' return to their hometown for employment through multiple regression models.The results show that the activity of production and operation of integrated industries had a significant positive impact on the return rate of college students.It created technology-intensive jobs through new business formats such as agriculture and tourism integration and smart agriculture.Traditional agriculture and industry and commerce failed to effectively attract the professionals due to their low technology content,and the agricultural activity and return rate were significantly deviated,and industrial upgrading was lagged behind.There was a lack of human capital adaptation mechanism for returnees.Therefore,this study proposes the following optimization paths:(1) Priority should be given to cultivating an integrated industrial ecology and building a collaborative mechanism of “business incubation+digital infrastructure+education adaptation”.(2) Promote the upgrading of traditional industries and reshape the demand for job skills through technology penetration.(3) It is necessary to improve the full-cycle policy system that runs through the introduction,cultivation and retention of talents.
作者
王卓
任雪琪
李宝庆
WANG Zhuo;REN Xueqi;LI Baoqing(Research Center for Social Policy and Law,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期117-125,共9页
Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD123)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(SWU2009401)
西南大学教育教学改革研究重点项目(2024JY003)
西南大学研究生教育教学改革研究项目(SWUYJS246101)。
关键词
政产协同
乡村振兴
大学生返乡创业
生产经营活跃度
government-industry synergy
rural revitalization
college students return to their hometown for employment
production and operation activity
