摘要
当前,我国进入了人口负增长时代,学龄人口变动呈现新形势,主要表征为数量先升后降、结构分布不均、城乡增减分化。加快推动人口红利向人才红利转变,需要建立同学龄人口变化相协调的中小学教育资源配置机制。然而,中小学教育资源配置政策调整难以适应学龄人口变动带来的需求变化,呈现出学校布局调整的共时性矛盾,师资配置调整的结构性难题,经费投入调整的效益性抵牾等问题。中小学教育资源配置政策动态调整面临着多重制度障碍,管理思维辖制学校布局调整的灵活性,以编定员标准规约师资调配的适切性,制度壁垒掣肘教育经费改革的联动性。面对学龄人口变动新形势,应循证决策完善学校布局调整管理规范,研判趋势构建灵活的教师编制配置机制,破解制度壁垒革新教育经费联动配置质效。
At present,China has entered an era of negative population growth,and the changes in the school-age population present new trends,mainly characterized by an initial increase followed by a decline in numbers,uneven structural distribution,and a divergence in growth and decline between urban and rural areas.To accelerate the transformation of the demographic dividend into a talent dividend,it is necessary to establish a mechanism for the allocation of primary and secondary school educational resources that is aligned with the changes in the school-age population.However,the adjustment of policies for the allocation of primary and secondary school educational resources struggles to adapt to the changes in demand brought about by the changes in the school-age population,presenting persistent contradictions in the adjustment of school layout,structural difficulties in the adjustment of teacher allocation,and conflicts in the effectiveness of the adjustment of educational funding.The dynamic adjustment of policies for the primary and secondary school educational resources allocation faces multiple institutional obstacles.Management thinking restricts the flexibility of school layout adjustments,the standard of staffing by position constrains the suitability of teacher allocation,and institutional barriers impede the linkage of educational funding reforms.In the face of the new context of changes in the school-age population,it is necessary to make evidence-based decisions to improve the management system for school layout adjustments,analyze trends to build a flexible teacher staffing allocation mechanism,and break through institutional barriers to innovate the quality and efficiency of the linked allocation of educational funds.
作者
陈坤
秦玉友
CHEN Kun;QIN Yuyou
出处
《中国教育学刊》
2025年第5期64-71,共8页
Journal of The Chinese Society of Education
基金
福建省2024年度社会科学基金规划项目“人口负增长时代农村教师需求预测与配置机制研究”(项目编号:FJ2024C103)
福建省教育科学规划2023年度基础教育高质量发展重点专项委托课题“适应人口变动趋势的教师配置政策调整研究”(项目编号:FJGHZD23-06)研究成果。
关键词
人口变动
中小学布局调整
资源配置
政策调整
population changes
primary and secondary schools’layout adjustments
resource allocation
policy adjustment
