摘要
目的掌握山东省卫生用农药的使用现状,为科学使用卫生用农药和有效延缓抗药性的发生、发展提供理论依据。方法采用现场问卷调查的方法对山东省各市病媒生物防治相关单位(疾病预防控制中心、爱卫会办公室、有害生物防治机构)的卫生用农药使用情况进行调查;采用Excel 2019对所使用的卫生用农药种类、剂型、数量及使用方法等情况进行汇总与统计;采用SPSS 23.0对卫生用农药的复配情况、有效成分构成以及使用量进行χ^(2)检验,并基于Spearman相关性分析对卫生用农药3年的使用量开展趋势分析。结果2019—2021年山东省内使用的卫生用农药中,化学杀虫剂占比68.69%,配方以单剂和二元复配剂为主;剂型中可湿性粉剂占比23.76%、乳油占比18.80%、悬浮剂占比14.53%、饵剂和膏剂占比12.69%、水乳剂占比8.88%;防治对象以蚊、蝇和蟑螂为主。灭鼠剂中溴敌隆占比91.48%、溴鼠灵占比4.26%,剂型中饵剂和膏剂占比78.36%、颗粒剂占比11.48%、水乳剂占比5.57%。不同单位的卫生用农药复配情况之间的差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.954,P<0.05)。结论2019—2021年间山东省使用的卫生用农药中,杀虫剂以拟除虫菊酯类药物为主,剂型以可湿性粉剂、乳油、悬浮剂和饵、膏剂为主;灭鼠剂以溴敌隆为主,其次是溴鼠灵,剂型以饵、膏剂为主。由于长期大量使用卫生用农药易形成抗药性,因此在今后的防治中应结合抗药性监测结果,科学合理选择使用卫生用农药。
Objective To understand the current situation of the use of sanitary pesticides in Shandong Province,and to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific use of sanitary pesticides and the effective delay of the occurrence and development of drug resistance.Methods The use of sanitary pesticides in vector biological control-related units(CDC,Ai Wei Office,Pest Control Organization)in each city of Shandong Province was investigated using an on-site questionnaire survey;Summary and statistics on the types,formulations,quantities and methods of use of sanitary pesticides used,etc.,using Excel 2019;SPSS23.0 was used to carry outχ^(2) test on the compounding of sanitary pesticides,the composition of active ingredients,and the amount of use,and to carry out a trend analysis of the use of sanitary pesticides over three years based on Spearman’s correlation analysis.Results Chemical insecticides accounted for 68.69%of the pesticides used for sanitation in Shandong Province in 2019—2021,dominated by single agents and binary compounding agents;Among the formulations,wettable powder accounted for 23.76%,emulsifiable oil accounted for 18.80%,suspending agent accounted for 14.53%,bait and paste accounted for 12.69%,and water emulsion accounted for 8.88%,and the prevention and control targets were mainly mosquitoes,flies and cockroaches.Among rodenticides,bromadiolone accounted for 91.48%,bromacil accounted for 4.26%,while the formulations included 78.36%of baits and pastes,11.48%of granules,and 5.57%of water emulsions.Differences between pesticide compounding for sanitation in different units were statistically significant(χ^(2)=13.954,P<0.05).Conclusion Among the pesticides for sanitary used in Shandong Province during the period 2019—2021,insecticides were dominated by pyrethroids,and the main formulations were wettable powders,emulsifiable oils,suspensions,and baits and pastes;the rodenticides were dominated by bromadiolone,followed by brodifacoum,and the main formulations were baits and pastes.Since the long-term use of large quantities of sanitary pesticides might cause resistance,the use of sanitary pesticides should be scientifically and rationally selected in future control in conjunction with the results of resistance monitoring.
作者
李依洁
韩英男
刘言
曹馨月
孙钦同
刘文杰
马伟
王学军
LI Yijie;HAN Yingnan;LIU Yan;CAO Xinyue;SUN Qintong;LIU Wenjie;MA Wei;WANG Xuejun(School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine,Shandong University,Ji’nan,Shandong 250012,China;Institute for Disinfection&Vector Borne Disease Control,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ji’nan,Shandong 250014,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
CAS
2024年第1期9-13,共5页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
基金
山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(202112070737)
山东省中医药科技项目(Q-2023101)。
关键词
山东省
卫生用农药
使用现状
调查
Shandong province
sanitary pesticides
status of use
survey
