摘要
动态质押的客体和交付符合物权法的强制要求,较普通动产质押并无不同,应从特定性和交付层面分析质权是否成立。尽管动态质押是担保物权,但质权对出质人的保护侧重于变价后阶段,而非变价前阶段。由于不可分的特性,加之对质押物的抽象约定,动态质押也会产生事后担保过度问题,导致质权人的合法担保权利和债务人的正常经营权利发生冲突。通过简单和补充的合同解释可以解决这一权利冲突,核心是基于交易习惯肯定债务人的法定交还请求权。实质结果是正常的经营权利优先于超额的担保权利,在此过程中质权人不存在损失,债务人因此不需要支付补偿,最终解决了权利冲突。动态质押能够在既有规范体系下得到解释,以实践交易模式为对象的规定会产生限缩金融创新空间的后果,民法典物权编并无必要对动态质押进行明文化规定。
The creation of dynamic pledge, both the object and transfer of possession, meets the requirements of the Civil Code.Dynamic pledge is not different from the traditional pledge and whether pledge is valid should be analyzed from specificity and delivery. Although dynamic pledge is a security interest, the protection to the pledger in the Civil Code is mainly focused on postenforcement, not on pre-enforcement. Due to its indivisible characteristics of security interest as well as the abstract description of the object, a subsequent over-security may arise, which leads to conflicts between the legal security rights of the pledgee and the business rights of the debtor. The conflict can be resolved through simple and supplementary contract interpretation, especially based on the customary business practice to affirm the legal claim to release excess objects. The substantive result is that the business rights have priority over the excess security right, and the debtor needs not to pay compensation because of no loss. Based on these the rights conflict is finally resolved. The dynamic pledge can be interpreted under the norm system and regulations targeting practical trading models will limit financial innovation space, so it is unnecessary to stipulate dynamic pledge in the Civil Code.
作者
云晋升
YUN Jinsheng(Koguan Law School,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China)
出处
《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第5期150-158,共9页
Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家哲学社会科学基金重大项目“大数据时代个人数据保护与数据权利体系研究”(18ZDA145)。
关键词
动态质押
过度担保
权利冲突
交还义务
合同解释
dynamic pledge
over-security
conflict of rights
obligation to release
contract interpretation
