摘要
目的了解广州市番禺区2015-2018年手足口病流行病学现状,为防控手足口病提供参考。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对广州市番禺区2015-2018年手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2015-2018年番禺区手足口病发病率逐年上升,年均发病率485.33/10万,无重症死亡病例。5-10月发病最多,占83.03%(31 409/37 827),形成2个发病高峰,第1个主高峰在5-6月,占34.92%(13 208/37 827);9-10月为第2小高峰,占23.17%(8 765/37 827)。患者男性(22 665例)多于女性(15 162例),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=13.35,P<0.05)。发病年龄主要集中在5岁以下,占90.05%。以散居儿童为主,占70.08%;其次为托幼儿童,占25.62%;学生占3.29%,共占病例总数98.99%,人群分布差异有统计学意义(χ^2=711.59,P<0.05)。全区16个镇街均有发病,发病居前5位的镇街分别为南村镇(18.81%)、大石街(10.83%)、市桥街(10.17%)、钟村街(9.58%)和石基镇(7.52%),共占病例总数56.92%。2015-2018年全区共监测703例手足口病例,2015年手足口病优势毒株为其他肠道病毒(占81.37%),2016年为Cox A16(52.14%),2017年为Cox A6(64.10%),2018年为Cox A16(占41.46%)和Cox A6(占39.03%),EV71所占的比例逐年下降。结论手足口病具有明显的季节、人群、地区差异,为减少手足口病发病,应做好重点人群、重点地区、高发月份的手足口病防控工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological status of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)in Panyu district of Guangzhou city from 2015 to 2018,and formulate a plan for better control of the incidence of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic data of HFMD in Panyu district of Guangzhou city from 2015 to 2018. Results The incidence of HFMD in Panyu district increased year by year from 2015 to 2018,with an average annual incidence of 485.33/100 000,and with no severe cases and no death cases. The highest incidence was from May to October. There were two incidence peaks. The first main peak was from May to June(34.92%)and the second was from September to October(23.17%). The patients were more male than female(χ^2=13.35,P=0.<0.05). The age of patients was mainly under 5 years old,accounting for 90.05%;of which,70.08% were scattered children. Secondly,25.62% of the cases were nursery children,3.29% were students,and 98.99% of the total cases were occupied by three occupations(χ^2=711.59,P<0.05). All the 16 towns and streets in the whole district are suffering from diseases. The top five towns were Nancun(18.81%),Dashi(10.83%),Shiqiao(10.17%),Zhongcun(9.58%)and Shiji(7.52%),which accounted for56.92% of the total cases. From 2015 to 2018,703 cases of HFMD were monitored in the whole region. In 2015,the dominant HFMD strains were other enteroviruses(81.37%),Cox A16(52.14%)in 2016,Cox A6(64.10%)in 2017,Cox A16(41.46%)and Cox A6(39.03%)in 2018. The proportion of EV71 decreased year by year. Conclusions HFMD had obvious seasonal,population and regional differences. In order to reduce the incidence of HFMD,the prevention and control of HFMD among the key population,key areas and high incidence months should be strengthened.
作者
苏杏冰
梁文靖
陈纯
SU Xing-bing;LIANG Wen-jing;CHEN Chun(Medic al Department of He Xian Memorial Hospital,Panyu District,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511400;Guangzhou Panyu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511400;Guangzh ou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511440,China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2020年第4期567-569,共3页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
关键词
手足口病
流行病学
发病率
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
Epidemiology
Incidence
