摘要
目的分析学校流感样病例爆发疫情的流行病学特征,并探究现行控制方法取得的效果。方法我地区2015年~2018年共发生学校流感样病例爆发疫情5起,涉及病例共124例,对以上情况进行回顾性分析,统计调查发生时间、高发月份、发生学校及地区、主要临床表现及实验室病毒分型。结果124例均无死亡病例。未分级病例共57例(45.97%),一般疾病疫情共67例(54.03%);2015年发病人数最多,2018年发病人数最少,两年度对比P<0.05,差异有统计学意义;发病月份以11~12月最为多见,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义;5起流感样病毒爆发中,小学共2起(40.00%);农村学校4起(80.00%),共发病103人(83.06%);主要临床症状表现为发热101例(81.45%),咳嗽99例(79.84%),咽喉疼痛61例(49.19%);5起有1起(40.00%)为B型流感病毒所导致,2起(40.00%)为甲型流感病毒所引起,分离后确定为H3N2型1起(20.00%),H1N1型1起(20.00%),B型流感病毒混合支原体感染1起(20.00%),流感病毒、支原体肺炎、呼吸道合胞病毒混合感染1起(20.00%)。结论我地区学校流感样病例爆发主要集中在每年冬季和春季,且以小学最为多见,农村学校发病率较高,需要针对以上学校地区加强预防控制宣教。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak of influenza-like cases in schools,and to explore the effects of the current control methods.Methods From 2015 to 2018,a total of 5 outbreaks of influenza-like cases occurred in schools in our region,involving a total of 124 cases.The above cases were retrospectively analyzed,and the time,month,school and region,main clinical manifestations and laboratory virus typing were investigated.Results None of the 124 cases were fatal.There were 57 cases(45.97%)without classification and 67 cases(54.03%)with general disease.In 2015,the number of patients was the highest,and in 2018,the number of patients was the lowest.The month of onset was most common from November to December,P<0.05,and the difference was statistically significant.Among the 5 influenza-like virus outbreaks,2(40.00%)occurred in primary schools;There were 4 cases(80.00%)in rural schools,with 103 cases(83.06%).The main clinical symptoms were fever in 101 cases(81.45%),cough in 99 cases(79.84%),and sore throat in 61 cases(49.19%).Five have 1(40.00%),caused by influenza B virus 2(40.00%)caused by influenza a virus,after the separation of H3 N2 type 1(20.00%),H1 N1 type 1(20.00%),influenza B virus mixture of mycoplasma infection in 1(20.00%),influenza virus and mycoplasma pneumonia,respiratory syncytial virus infection in 1(20.00%).Conclusion The outbreak of influenza-like cases in schools in our region mainly occurs in winter and spring every year,and most of them occur in primary schools.The incidence rate in rural schools is relatively high,so it is necessary to strengthen education on prevention and control in the above schools.
作者
郑世野
ZHENG Shi-ye(Benxi City Health Development Service Center,Benxi 117000,China)
出处
《中国医药指南》
2020年第16期298-298,F0003,共2页
Guide of China Medicine
关键词
学校
流感样病例
疫情
School
Influenza-like cases
The outbreak
