摘要
为研究复方中草药对大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus幼鱼生长及免疫性能的影响,以基础饲料为对照组(D0),将白术、甘草、当归、山楂、陈皮、防风、五味子、茯苓等16种中草药按中医配伍理论设计出4组中草药配方,并将4种配方中草药经砂锅熬煮后的汤药按一定量分别添加到基础饲料中(2%)作为试验饲料(D1、D2、D3、D4); 5组饲料分别投喂平均体质量为10 g的大菱鲆幼鱼8周,研究4种复方中药添加剂对大菱鲆生长及非特异性免疫指标的影响。结果表明:D1、D3、D4试验组鱼的增重率(WGR)及特定生长率(SGR)与对照组(D0)无显著性差异(P>0. 05),仅D2试验组增重率和特定生长率较D0、D3、D4组显著性增高(P<0. 05),而饲料系数(FCR)较D0组有显著性降低(P<0. 05); D1组鱼的脏体比(VI)显著高于D0组(P<0. 05),其他组与D0组无显著性差异(P>0. 05);血液指标中,D1、D2、D3组鱼体内葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著高于D0组(P<0. 05),且D1组显著高于D2、D3组(P<0. 05),D1组甘油三酯(TG)显著高于D0组(P<0. 05),D4组显著低于D0组(P<0. 05),D2、D3组与D0组无显著性差异(P>0. 05);在消化指标的检测中,D4组鱼的前肠脂肪酶(LPS)显著低于D0组(P<0. 05),其他各组与D0组无显著性差异(P<0. 05); D3组鱼的血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活力显著高于D0组和D1、D4组(P<0. 05),其他各组间无显著性差异(P>0. 05); D3组鱼的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力显著高于其他各组(P<0. 05);各组鱼的T-SOD活力与溶菌酶(LZM)活力无显著性差异(P>0. 05)。研究表明:在本试验条件下,自制的4组复方中草药均不同程度地促进了大菱鲆的生长,但在其他指标方面,4组配方中草药作用效果各有所长; D1、D2组复方中草药在提高增重率、降低饲料系数等指标中作用显著,以D2组中草药效果最佳; D4组复方中草药调节血脂作用显著,可显著降低大菱鲆血浆中甘油三酯和胆固醇含量; D3组复方中草药可通过显著提高大菱鲆血清中过氧化物酶活力提高大菱鲆非特异性免疫能力。
Turbot Scophthalmus maximus juveniles weighing 10g were fed basal diet(D0,as control group)and basal diet supplemented with 2% of Chinese herbal compounds(D1,D2,D3,and D4),prepared by boiling and simmering,containing16kinds of Chinese herbal medicines(CHM)including Atractylode smacrocephala,Radix glycyrrhizae,Radix angelicae sinensis,hawthorn,orange peel,wind,Schisandra chinensis and other(CHM)for 8 weeks based on the compatibility theory of traditional Chinese herbal medicine(TCHM),to evaluate the effect of CHM on growth performance and non-specific immunity in turbot.The results showed that there were no significances in weight gain and specific growth rate in groups D1,D3,and D4(P>0.05)compared to those in the control group.However,the fish in group D2had significantly higher weight gain and specific growth rate than the fish in groups D0,D3,and D4did(P<0.05),with sharp decrease in food conversion ratio(P<0.05).There was significantly higher visceral-somatic ratio in group D1than in the control group D0(P<0.05),without significant difference between the other groups and the control group(P>0.05).The levels of glucose were found to be significantly higher in groups D1,D2and D3than that in group D0(P<0.05),and significantly higher in group D1than that in groups D2 and D3(P<0.05).Compared to the control group,the triglycerides(TG)in plasma was significantly increased in group D1(P<0.05),significantly decreased in group D4(P<0.05),without significant difference in group D2and group D3(P>0.05).There was lower lipase(LPS)activity in foregut of the fish in group D4than that in the control one(P<0.05),without significant difference between the other groups and the control group(P>0.05).The juveniles in group D3had significantly higher activity of alkaline phosphatase than the fish in groups D0,D1and D4 did(P<0.05),and had significantly higher activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)than other groups(P<0.05),without significant differences in activities of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)and lysozyme(LZM)in plasma among the groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,four kinds of Chinese herbal compounds lead to improve growth of turbot to some extent,with different effects on non-specific immunity.The juveniles groups D1and D2had high weight gain and low food conversion ratio,especially in group D2,and the Chinese herbal compounds in group D4led to reduce significant effect on blood lipids regulating,especially triglyceride and cholesterol content in serum of turbot.The increase in activity of glutathione peroxidase was observed in serum of turbot in group D3.
作者
路晶晶
郭冉
齐国山
李雪鹤
贾高旺
夏辉
杨品贤
王小瑞
LU Jing-jing;GUO Ran;QI Guo-shan;LI Xue-he;JIA Gao-wang;XIA Hui;YANG Pin-xian;WANG Xiao-rui(Ocean College,Hebei Agricultural University,Qinhuangdao 066000,China)
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期722-728,共7页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
河北省自然科学基金资助项目(QN2017335)
河北农业大学人才振兴学科计划项目(1081005)
关键词
复方中草药
大菱鲆
生长性能
免疫指标
Chinese herbal medicine compound
Scophthalmus maximus
growth performance
non-specific immunity
