摘要
利用离子交换法对钠基蒙脱土进行了改性。探讨了钠基蒙脱土及改性蒙脱土在处理制革废水方面的应用及有机改性蒙脱土 / Cr3 + 复合物在鞣制方面的应用 ;对有机改性蒙脱土增强增韧聚合物材料的性能进行了检测。对有机改性蒙脱土的 CEC(cation exchange capacity,离子交换容量 ,mmol/ 10 0 g)、FT- IR(傅立叶变换红外光谱 )及 XRD(X射线衍射 )测定结果表明 :有机阳离子已和钠基蒙脱土发生离子交换作用 ,使蒙脱土的层间距增大 ;蒙脱土及改性蒙脱土可对制革废水进行处理 ,较好地吸附废水中的油脂 ;钠基蒙脱土及有机改性蒙脱土对皮革有一定的鞣制作用 ,与无机鞣剂结合使用可大大减少无机鞣剂的用量 ,使鞣后坯革具有较高的收缩温度 ;有机改性蒙脱土用于聚合物材料的复合物改性 ,能使复合材料的强度和韧性得到较大提高 ,为纳米涂饰剂的开发提供了新的思路。
Montmorillonite(MMT) is modified with long chain quatemary ammonium salt through cations exchange reaction. The exchange extent is characterized by means of XRD(X-ray diffraction), FT-IR(fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and the determination of CEC(cation exchange capacity). The results prove that alkylammonium ions are taken the place of Na + ions in Na + -montmorillonite(Na-MMT) and the inter laminar distance was enlarged. The possibility of using Na-MMT and organic-montmorillonite (O-MMT) in the treatment of waste water from tannery by utilizing their adsorption properties is studied. The result shows that Na-MMT and O-MMT can absorb fatliquior to a certain extent. A series of tanning experiments were carried out to compare the tanning properties among Na-MMT, O-MMT and O-MMT/Cr 3+ . The results suggest that Na-MMT and O-MMT have some tanning capability, and the composite O-MMT/Cr 3+ with very low content of Cr 3+ can produce leather with a shrinkage temperature above 90℃. The mechanical properties of the O-MMT/vinyl polymer nanocomposites were examined as well. The result indicates that the strengthening and toughing properties of nanocomposite prepared by intercalation polymerization are much better than the corresponding polymer.
出处
《中国皮革》
CAS
北大核心
2002年第21期14-19,共6页
China Leather
基金
陕西省自然科学基金资助项目 (项目编号 :2001H15)
关键词
蒙脱土
纳米复合鞣剂
污水处理
增强增韧
制革
MMT nanocomposite tannage waste water disposal strengthing and tonghing leather making
