摘要
以淡水白鲳为试验对象,研究了盐酸甜菜碱对生长性能,鱼体解剖特性和肉质等的影响。198尾淡水白鲳鱼种,平均初体重为(83.14±15.36)g按养殖试验要求分成6组(每组3个重复,每个重复11尾)。6组试验鱼分别饲以含0、0.1%、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%和0.8%盐酸甜菜碱的相同饵料(含粗蛋白41.03%)。试验鱼在循环滤水、充氧、控温条件下养殖,试验期为60d。结束时,按要求从每个重复中挑选体重相近的鱼9尾,共162尾,按常规方法测量体长、称重、解剖、采血和采取有关样品;每组取6尾,共36尾鱼进行整鱼常量养分和微量元素含量的测定。养殖试验结果表明:添加不同剂量的盐酸甜菜碱均促进了淡水白鲳的生长,提高了饲料利用率,其中以0.2%添加量组效果最为显著,平均尾增重和日增重分别提高了21.89%(P<0.01)和22.11%(P<0.01),其次为0.1%添加量组,分别提高了8.36%(P<0.05)和8.42%(P<0.05)。添加盐酸甜菜碱使饵料系数显著下降,0.2%、0.1%、0.4%和0.6%添加量组分别下降了24.22%(P<0.01)、13.99%(P<0.01)、9.92%(P<0.01)和8.20%(P<0.01),但对摄食量无明显影响(P>0.05)。解剖试验结果显示:添加盐酸甜菜碱可明显改善鱼体解剖特性。0.1%、0.2%组肥满度上升(P>0.05),去内脏比显著增加,其中0.2%、0.4%和0.8%组分别提高了1.63%(P<0.01)、1.
This reseach was conducted to determine the effects of betaine hydrochloride on feed intake,growth and meat quality in Colossoma sp fingerlings with average initial weight 83.14±15.36 g. 198 individuals were divided into six groups, each of which included three replicates of 11 fingerling.The groups were fed with the same diet (CP 41.03 %), supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.1 %, 0.2 %, 0.4and 0.8 % betaine hydrochloride respectively (test groups). The f ish were fed for 60 days under the conditions of circulation, filteration and co ntrol temperature. On finishing the feeding experiment,162 individuals were dissected to meas ure the length,weight and different parts weight to investigate the response of dissection properties of the fish to betaine hydrochloride . The results of rearing trial showed that betaine hydrochloride improved fi sh growth and feed efficiency. Among the levels, the group with 0.2 %betaine hy drochloride was the best,at which AWG(Average Weight Gain)and ADWG(Average Daily Weight Gain) were increased by 21.89 %(P<0.01) and 22.11 %(P<0.01) respective ly.Furthermore,food conversion rate (FCR) decreased significantly.Compared with control group,0.2 %,0.1 %,0.4 %and 0.6 %betaine hydrochloride added groups decreased FCR by 24.22 %(P<0.01), 13.99 %(P<0.01), 9.92 %(P<0.01) and 8.20 %(P<0.01) respectively.There was no significant difference in daily feed inta ke between the groups. The dissection results indicated that betaine hydrochloride obviously impr oved the dissection properties of fish. Adding 0.1%and 0.2%betaine hydrochlo ride increased coefficient of fatness(P>0.05),and 0.2%,0.4% and 0.8%betain e hydrochloride significantly increased deinternal organ ratio by 1.63%(P<0.01) ,1.98 %(P<0.01) and 3.15 %(P<0.01)respectively, 0.8%betaine hydrochloride d ecreased internal organ ratio by 13.20 %(P<0.01),0.1 %,0.2 %,0.4 % and 0.8 %betaine hydrochloride decreased liver ratio by 17.03 %(P<0.01),12.61 %(P<0 .03), 16.02 % (P<0.01) and 21.27 %(P<0.01) respectively, 0.6 %and 0.8 % betaine hydrochloride decreased intestine fat ratio by 18.04 %(P<0.01) and 44.9 4 %(P<0.01),0.2 %betaine hydrochloride increased stomach ratio and intestine ratio by 12.57 %(P<0.03) and 20.51 %(P<0.01) respectively. Adding betaine hydrochloride showed the trendency that the moisture and cr ude fat contents of whole fish decreased,and Ca contents of whole fish increased , and othermore CP, ASH and P contents increased by 21.08 %(P<0.05),23.20 %(P< 0.05) and 20.55 %(P<0.05) respectively.Adding betaine hydrochloride increased t race minerals accumulation of whole fish.Supplementation of 0.4 %betaine hydroc hlorideimproved Na content by 15.63 %(P<0.01);0.1 %,0.4 %,0.6 %and 0.8 %betaine hydrochloride increased Mg content by 14.29 %(P<0.05),14.29 %(P<0. 05),28.50 %(P<0.01) and 21.43 %(P<0.01) respectively. The results of this research implicated that betaine hydrochloride could i mprove growth,feed efficiency and edible ratio of the fish and meat quality.
出处
《浙江海洋学院学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2001年第B09期130-136,共7页
Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Natural Science Edition)
关键词
盐酸甜菜碱
淡水白鲳
生长性能
饲料利用率
解剖特性
肉质
betaine hydrochloride
Colossma sp
growth performance
dissecti on properties
meat quality
