摘要
长白山中华蜜蜂是我国东北地区的重要蜜蜂资源,具有独特的分布区域、生物学特性和形态特性.本研究通过A107、AP043、AP085、AP313、AT101等5对微卫星引物与mtDNA tRNAleu-COII 357 bp片段,对110只长白山中华蜜蜂进行遗传多样性研究.长白山中华蜜蜂在5个微卫星位点的平均期望杂合度、平均观察杂合度、平均香农指数分别为0.2110±0.2333、0.0645±0.0718、0.4031±0.4202,PIC值除A107为0.5541外,其它4个位点分别在0-0.1644之间;mtDNA标记检测到的单倍型多样度为0.249±0.054,核苷酸多样度为0.00074±0.00017,平均核苷酸差异为0.263,表现出很低的遗传多样性.长白山中华蜜蜂的遗传结构较为单一,5个微卫星位点的遗传结构均以一种等位基因为主,线粒体单倍型H1(Japan 1)占83.64%,且在长白山中华蜜蜂研究中首次发现H3(登录号:KF673779)、H5(登录号:KF673782)、H7(登录号:KF673780)、H8(登录号:KF673781)等4种单倍型.长白山中华蜜蜂种群数量少,遗传多样性低,遗传结构单一,面临着灭绝的风险.长白山中华蜜蜂的资源保护刻不容缓,需要尽快建立保护区.
The endemic honeybee （Apis cerana cerana） from Changbai Mountains,which dwells in special habitats,behaves unique biology characteristics and mo^hology,is a significant natural resource in northeastern China.A total of 110 honeybee workers were analyzed by 5 microsatellite loci A107,AP043,AP085,AP313,AT101 and a mtDNA tRNAlow-COII fragment of 357 bp.The mean expected heterozygosity,observed heterozygosity and Shannon＇s information index were 0.2110 ± 0.2333,0.0645 ± 0.0718,0.4031± 0.4202,respectively.The haplotype diversity,nucleotide diversity and mean nucleotide differences were 0.249 ± 0.054,0.00074± 0.00017 and 0.263,which showed low genetic diversity for all the samples.A certain kind of allele of high frequency was in each of 5 loci and the main haplotype H1 （Japan 1） was accounted for 83.64% of all samples.Four haplotyes,H3 （GenBank accession number：KF673779）,H5 （GenBank accession number：KF673782）,H7 （GenBank accession number：KF673780）,and H8（GenBank accession number：KF673781）,were firstly found in Changbai honeybee.Changbai honeybee is at risks of extinction,due to its small population size,low genetic diversity and pure genetic structure.Natural honeybee reserves and a set of beekeeping policies are suggested to protect Changbai honeybee resource.
出处
《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期643-647,共5页
Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition
基金
现代农业蜂产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-45-KXJ11)
