摘要
调查我国东北地区东方蜜蜂Apis cerana,分析其遗传分化并探讨隔离机制,明确东北东方蜜蜂种群遗传特征和多样性水平,探究蜜蜂种群遗传分化和遗传多样性相关规律,建立并完善东方蜜蜂种群遗传学。利用33个形态标记和38个微卫星DNA标记,对东北7个样点共461群东方蜜蜂及北京平谷、浙江金华、四川平昌、海南儋州外群作遗传分化、遗传特征和遗传多样性分析。形态标记、微卫星DNA标记分析结果均显示,分布于长白山山脉抚松、安图、敦化、本溪、宽甸东方蜜蜂聚为同一种群。长白山种群肘脉指数、翅长、第五背板绒毛带长、第四腹板长等形态指标数值较高。微卫星各位点等位基因以1、2种为主,频率达80%以上的21个。遗传多样性结果显示,长白山种群的观察杂合度、有效等位基因数、多态信息含量等数值较低。东北地区东方蜜蜂主要分布在吉林、辽宁长白山山区,形成长白山东方蜜蜂种群。该种群与北京、四川、浙江、海南东方蜜蜂发生明显遗传分化,遗传多样性水平较低。分化主要原因为辽宁省长白山以西平原地区,东方蜜蜂逐渐消失,基因流阻断。长白山东方蜜蜂种群遗传多样性水平较低,环境和人为因素导致种群数量减少。
The goal of this study was to investigate the genetic resources of Apis cerana in northeast China,the genetic differentiation was analyzed and the isolating mechanism of A.cerana in this area was explored,and the genetic characteristics and the genetic diversity of A.cerana were clarified.In order to promote the understanding of the genetic rules of honeybee population,so as to establish and improve the population genetics of A.cerana.Using 33 morphological markers and 38 microsatellite markers,the genetic differentiation,genetic characteristics,and genetic diversity of 461 A.cerana from seven sample points in northeast China and in outgroup populations in Pinggu,Beijing;Jinhua,Zhejiang;Pingchang,Sichuan;Danzhou,Hainan were analyzed.Morphological markers and microsatellites all revealed that the five samples from Changbai Mountain,such as Fusong,Antu,Dunhua,Benxi,Kuandian,clustered into the same population.The cubital index,forewing length,the width of the stripe of tomentum on tergite 5th and the length of 4th sternite were all relatively large in the Changbai Mountain population.One or two primary microsatellite loci were identified in most specimens,and there were 21 alleles with a frequency of greater than 80%.The results of a genetic diversity analysis suggested that the observed heterozygosity,effective number of alleles,and the polymorphism information content of the Changbai Mountain population were low.The distribution of A.cerana had been reduced to Changbai Mountain in northeast China.Changbai population was differentiation from the outgroups,and had low genetic diversity.The differentiation was due to nearly gene flow blocking,which was caused by the disappearance of bees in the plain of Liaoning Province.The low level of genetic diversity in the Changbai Mountain population of A.cerana were the result of population decreases,such as environmental changes and human activities.
作者
郝璐楠
周姝婧
朱翔杰
徐新建
蔡宗兵
牛庆生
袁春颖
陈东海
周冰峰
HAO Lunan;ZHOU Shujing;ZHU Xiangjie;XU Xinjian;Cai Zongbing;Niu Qingsheng;Yuan Chunying;Chen Donghai;ZHOU Bingfeng(School of Bee Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,350002,China;Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province,Jilin,Jilin 132108,China;Liaoning Provincial Agricultural Development Service Center,Xingcheng,Liaoning 125100,China)
出处
《东北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第9期35-43,共9页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University
基金
国家蜂产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-45-KXJ11)
关键词
东方蜜蜂
遗传分化
遗传多样性
微卫星
长白山
Apis cerana
genetic differentiation
genetic diversity
microsatellites
Changbai Mountain
