摘要
采用TNT炸药爆炸、激波管试验和火炮发射等方法对929只绵羊、狗、兔、大鼠和豚鼠进行了冲击伤研究,其主要结果如下:(1)研制了中、小型生物激波管,适于小动物及局部损伤研究。(2)建立了胸部动力学响应的数学模型,由此可根据环境参数推算出体内受力情况和伤情。同时,还证实了内爆效应在肺损伤的发生上具有重要作用。(3)中度烧冲复合伤时,其细胞免疫功能增强。输注晶体液加全血的疗效最好。(4)提出了炮口冲击波对人员非听器损伤的参考安全限值如下:P=41-3 ln (TC·N/4) (kPa),其中TC为持续时间,N为发数,ln为自然对数。(5)用小型激波管制成了典型的兔眼冲击伤模型。还证实冲击波作用下大鼠学习和记忆功能有所减退。
The research on blast injuries was continued in our lab in the last 3 years.Altogether 145 sheep,54 dogs,65 rabbits,560 rats and 105 guineapigs were employed and the methods to inflict injuries consisted of TNT charge explosion,shock tube testing,and gunfiring.The main results obtained in the 3-year-period were follows;1.A medium-sized and a small shock tubes were designed and manufactured to inflict blast injuries on small animals and reginai blast injuries.2.A mathematic model was developed to predict the dynamic responses of the chest wall to blast waves in sheep.It was demonstrated that the implosion effect might play an important role to cause lung damages.3.The immune function of the animals after moderate burn-blast combined injury was even more active than before injury.The infusion of electrolyte solution associated with whole blood was most effective to treat burn-blast combined injury.4.A reference formula to express the safety limits of muzzle blast waves to nonauditory injuries of human body was put forward,that is,P=41-3 In (TC·N/4) (kPa).5.A model of ocular blast injury was established in rabbits with the small shock tube.It was found that a decrease of the ability of learning and memorizing after blast exposure in rats.
出处
《第三军医大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第4期330-334,共5页
Journal of Third Military Medical University
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
冲击伤
研究
blast injury
safety limit of muzzle blast waves
shock tube
implosion effect
burn-blast combined injury
stress-strain effect
