摘要
目的探讨医学院本科新生心理健康现状和主要压力源。方法采用90项症状清单、大学生人格问卷和自制大学生心理健康影响因素之压力来源问卷对4所医学院2010级本科新生1539人集体施测。结果 (1)对于可能存在心理问题学生的筛查,SCL-90和UPI的阳性率分别为47.6%、52.3%;对于可能存在较为严重心理问题学生的筛查,SCL-90和UPI的阳性率分别为11.1%、15.5%。联合应用SCL-90和UPI筛选出可能存在心理问题的学生人数为550名,与SCL-90、UPI筛查的阳性人数的吻合率分别依次为75.1%、68.3%;联合应用二者筛选出可能存在较为严重心理问题的学生人数为119名,与SCL-90、UPI筛查的阳性人数的吻合率依次为69.6%、49.8%。(2)可能存在心理问题的学生面临的压力源排在前3位的依次是:学习压力63.9%,就业压力45.4%,人际关系压力31.9%。结论联合使用SCL-90与UPI能够比较全面、准确地检测医学生可能存在的心理问题;就业与个人前途、学业以及人际关系的压力是医学院新生普遍面临的压力源,可能是医学生心理健康水平的重要影响因素。
Objective To explore the mental health statuses and stressors of the freshmen at medical schools. Methods 1 539 freshmen from four medical schools in Liaoning province were tested with symptom checklist 90, university personality inventory and stressor Inventory. Results The positive rates of SCL-90 and UPI were 47.6% and 52.3% for the freshmen who might have psychological problems, while the positive rates were 11.1% and 15.5% for the freshmen who might have serious psychological problems. Being tested with both SCL-90 and UPI, 550 freshmen who might have psychological problems were selected, and the consistency to the positive population tested by SCL-90 or UPI separately was 75.1% or 68.3%, while being tested with both SCL-90 and UPI, 119 freshmen who might have serious psychological problems were selected, and the consistency to the positive population tested by SCL-90 or UPI separately was 69.6% or 49.8%. The three most common stressors experienced by the freshmen who might have psychological problems were stressor of study （63.9%）, the stressor of obtaining employment （45.4%）and the stressor of interpersonal relationship （31.9%）. Conclusion Combined application of SCL-90 and UPI could select the students who might have serious psychological problems roundly and accurately. Stressors of obtaining employment and personal future, school work and interpersonal relationship were experienced generally by freshmen at medical school, and these stressors might be very important factors effecting on the mental health of medical students.
出处
《中国医药科学》
2012年第21期12-15,共4页
China Medicine And Pharmacy
基金
辽宁省教育厅科学技术研究项目"医学本科入学新生心理健康现状及因素分析"(L2010554)
关键词
健康心理学
压力
大学生人格问卷
90项症状清单
医学生
Health psychology
Stressor
University personality inventory
Symptom checklist 90
Medical student
