摘要
高钾血症是临床常见的急症之一,处理不当可造成心搏骤停。本文从时间维度对高钾血症的急救措施进行了考量,分为:优先级措施,静脉注射葡萄糖酸钙或碳酸氢钠,几乎立即起效,数分钟内稳定细胞膜;次优先级措施,葡萄糖加胰岛素,30～90 min起效,使钾移入细胞内;后续疗法,襻利尿剂和噻嗪类利尿剂等,将钾离子排出体外。故认识高钾血症急救措施起作用的开始时间,是抢救生命的关键所在。
Hyperkalemia,a common clinical emergency,may cause cardiac arrest if mismanaged.This paper divides,the first-aid measures for hyperkalemia into priority,sub-priority and subsequent treatment from time dimension.Priority measures includes intravenous injection of calcium gluconate or sodium bicarbonate,which takes effect immediately and stabilizes cell membranes within a few minutes;sub-priority includes glucose plus insulin,which works in 30~90 minutes and remove potassium into cells;subsequent treatment includes loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics to excrete potassium.Therefore understanding the start time of hyperkalemia first-aid measures taking effects is the key to saving lives.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第17期1995-1997,共3页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
高钾血症
急救
时间
Hyperkalemia
First aid
Time
