摘要
采用MicroToxModel 500发光细菌毒性检测仪,对Cu、Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cr、Zn、石油类、DDT、甲基对硫磷农药(MP)等10种贝类养殖环境污染物进行发光细菌抑制试验。对己知污染物的浓度与其相对应的发光强度进行回归分析,建立相关方程,求出相对发光度为50%时所对应污染物的浓度,即EC_(50)值,将其定义为相对毒性系数(RT),该值越小,表示污染物毒性越大。结果显示,上述10种污染物的相对毒性(RT)大小顺序为DDT>Hg>Cu=Zn>Cd>Cr>Pb=石油类>MP>As;结合两种贝类对上述污染物的生物富集系数(BCF),以RT/BCF值作为最终绝对毒性大小比较的指标,比值越小,危害影响越大,污染物应优先被选择作为环境特征污染物进行监测。经试验分析,缢蛏和泥蚶的养殖环境特征污染物的优先检测顺序分别为,缢蛏:Hg>Cd>Zn>Cu>As>Cr>Pb(椒江口),Cd>Pb>Cu(舟山海域),Cu>Zn>Cr>Pb(长江口);泥蚶:Cd>Pb>Cu(宁波、舟山海域),Cu>Cd>Pb(温州海域)。
Ten kinds of pollutants, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Zn, Petroleum, DDT, and MP were used for luminescent bacteria inhibitory experiments with MicroTox Model 500 blinking bacteria toxicity detector （SDI, USA）. An equation was established based on the concentrations of pollutants and relevant luminous intensities, and the ECs0, which was defined as relative toxicity coefficient （RT）, was also obtained. The smaller the RT was, the stronger the toxicity of pollutant would be. The RT of all pollutants was in the order of DDT〉Hg〉Cu=Zn〉Cd〉Cr〉Pb=Petroleum〉MP〉As. Furthermore, RT/BCF ratio was used as an index for final toxicity （absolute toxicity）. The smaller it was, the more harmful it would be. The pollutants with low values of RT/BCF should be prior to be detected as a characteristic pollutant in Molluscs. Through analyzing, the absolute toxicity orders of priority detection of characteristic pollutants in farming environment of Sinonovacula constricta and TegiIIarca granosa were： for S. constricta, Hg〉Cd〉Zn〉Cu〉As〉Cr〉Pb （Jiaojiang River mouth）, Cd〉Pb〉Cu （Zhoushan coastal waters）, and Cu〉Zn〉Cr〉Pb （Changjiang River mouth）; for Z granosa, Cd〉Pb〉Cu （Ningbo Zhoushan coastal waters）, and Cu〉Cd〉Pb （Wenzhou coastal waters）.
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2011年第6期613-617,666,共6页
Ecological Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADB7B02)
