摘要
目的了解2010年度全国临床分离的流感嗜血菌和副流感嗜血菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性。方法卫生部全国细菌耐药监测网成员单位按照监测方案要求,收集临床菌株,并进行药物敏感性测试;依照美国临床实验室标准化研究所(CLSI)2010年标准判断敏感性;用Whonet 5.6软件处理数据。结果 2010年度全国129所医院参加监测,收集流感嗜血菌2057株,副流感嗜血菌1148株;流感嗜血菌和副流感嗜血菌对氨苄西林的耐药率为45.0%、42.5%;流感嗜血菌对喹诺酮类耐药率<30.0%,副流感嗜血菌对喹诺酮类耐药率约为40.0%;碳青霉烯类抗菌药物对两种菌的体外抗菌活性均>90.0%;对头孢菌素、氯霉素、阿奇霉素的耐药率均<30.0%。结论大多数抗菌药物对嗜血菌属仍保持良好的抗菌活性;产β-内酰胺酶是嗜血菌属对氨苄西林的主要耐药机制。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the antimicrobial resistance to common antibiotics of clinical isolates of Hae- mophilus influenzae and Haernophilus parainfluenzae in China in 2010. METHODS According to the requirements of Mohnarin for monitoring, clinical isolates were collected, the susceptibilities of isolates to antimicrobial agents were determined by using CLSI （2010） guideline and the susceptibility data were processed with Whonet 5.6 software. RESULTS A total of 2057 H. influenzae isolates and 1148 H. parainfluenzae isolates were obtained from 1t9 hospitals involved in the monitoring. The resistance rates of H. influenza and H. para- influenzae to ampicillin were 45. 0% and 42. 5~, respectively; the resistant rate of H. influenzae to fluoroquinolone was less than 30.0 %, and the resistance rate of H. parainfluenzae was around 40.0 ~, the in vitro antibacterial activity of H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae against carbapenems was more than 90.0 ~, and the resistant rates of H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae to cephalosporins, chloramphenicol and azithromyein were below 30. 0~. CONCLUSION Haemophilus are susceptible to most tested antibiotics. The primary mechanism of ampicillin resistance in Haemophilus is production of beta-lactamases.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第24期5144-5146,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
