摘要
辛亥革命前,在中国近代民族国家建设和国族建构的背景下,张荫棠在西藏举办新政,旨在建立一体化的中央集权管理体制和建构具有同质文化的国族,开启了西藏社会现代化转型的序幕。张荫棠试图通过新政,强化中央政府的权威和增强当地人的国家认同,凝聚人心,抵御外侮,增强中国的国际竞争力。但是,受到单一民族国家理念的影响,特别是对"民权(民主)"思想采取排斥态度,使他未能充分关注当地的文化传统和利益诉求,因而未能实现预期目的。在某种意义上,张荫棠的西藏新政是对在中国这样一个多民族社会如何构建现代民族国家的历史性命题的尝试性解答,其中的得失利弊,值得深入研究。
In the 1900s,Zhang Yintang made a reform aiming to build an integrative centralized administrative system and a nation with cultural homogenization in the context of the modern Chinese nation-building.The reform can be called as a prolog of the Tibetan modernization.Zhang hoped that the cohesion of the people could be used to resist foreign aggression and strength their international competiveness by the reform.However,under the effect of the idea of single-nation state,he repulsed the democracy and ignored the local tradition and interests of the local people.The reform was failed.In some term,Zhang's reform was a tentative solution to the question how a multi-nationalities society as China could build a modern nation-state.The success and failure of the reform is worthy of investigation.
出处
《民族研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第3期51-62,109,共12页
Ethno-National Studies
关键词
张荫棠
清末新政
西藏
民族主义
Zhang Yintang
reform in late Qing
Tibet
nationalism.
