摘要
对不同采收期、不同贮藏温度和贮藏时间的超甜(sh_2)、普通甜(su_t)和加强甜(su_1se)玉米杂交种以及大田玉米杂交种的还原糖含量、蔗糖含量、水溶多糖(WSP)含量以及水分含量等进行分析发现,在甜玉米类型中 sh_2杂交种在各个采收期总糖含量都是最高,su_1se次之,su_1最低。但 su_1的 wsp 含量最高,su_1se 与之接近,sh_2最低,与普通玉米相同。以糖分和水分为根据,认为普通甜玉米的合适采收期为授粉后18～26天,积温为306.2℃～420.2℃,加强甜玉米可以适当放宽,但超甜玉米合适采收期应在授粉20天之后。三种甜玉米在28℃下贮藏,糖分和水分含量都迅速降低,但超甜玉米有较强的保鲜能力。在4℃条件下贮藏一周,普通甜玉米和加强甜玉米糖分含量只降低10%,超甜玉米虽然降低了25.8%,但含糖量还保持在35%以上,说明低温贮藏对保持甜玉米的优良品质是十分重要的。
The content of reducing sugar,sucrose,WSP,and moisture of super sweet (sh_2),conveational sweet(su_1),enhanced sweet(su_1 se),and field corn hybri ds was analysed.It was found that,among genotypes(except field corn),sh_2 hybrids possessed the highest total sugar content at each harvest time;su_1 se ranked the 2nd,su_1 was the lowest.On the contrary,the WSP content of su_1 was the highest,sh_2 was the lowest,su_1 se laid in between but closely resembled to su_1.Based on the sugar and moisture content,It was suggested that the suitable harvest time for conventional sweet corn is 18 to 25 days after pollination.The accumulated temperature is 306.2 to 420.2℃.Enhanced sweet corn has a longer poharvest period,and the suitable harvest time for super sweet corn should be postponed until at least 20 days after pollination. Sugar and moisture content decreased rapidly under 28℃ in storage,but super sweet corn possessed much stronger freshness maintaining ability.Stored under 4℃ for one week,total sugar content of conventional and enhanced sweet corn decreased about 10%,whereas that of super sweet corn although decreased a little,still remained above 35% level,indicating that cold storage is very im- portant for maintaining good quality of all kinds of sweet corn.
关键词
甜玉米
基因型
采收期
贮藏
温度
sweet eorn
genotype
harvest time,storage temperature
sucrose
WSP
