摘要
肾癌是成人肾脏最常见的恶性肿瘤,近1/3的肾细胞癌患者在诊断原发肿瘤时已有转移灶,血行播散是肾癌转移的重要途径,肿瘤细胞进入外周血是肿瘤远处转移的前提。近年研究表明,肾癌CTCs与淋巴结转移和肿瘤浸润有明显的相关性,外周血CTCs的检测可成为判断肿瘤预后的重要指标,CTCs的检测有助于研究肿瘤转移机制、指导肿瘤治疗、判断治疗效果、为推断预后提供可靠参考。由于外周血中CTCs数量稀少,缺乏高特异性的肿瘤标志物,使CTCs在临床上的应用受到限制。近年来,检测方法的不断改进、新技术的不断出现和相关肿瘤标记物研究的深入,使得CTCs检测的敏感性和特异性有了很大的提高。检测循环肿瘤细胞的技术主要有磁性细胞分选,膜滤过法,密度梯度离心法,免疫细胞化学技术,逆转录多聚酶链式反应,流式细胞分析,激光扫描细胞计量技术,生物芯片技术,细胞搜索系统。本文就肾癌患者中循环肿瘤细胞的检测及临床研究进展作一综述。
Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most common renal malignancies in adults. Almost 1/3 of renal cell carcinomas are metastatic when diagnosed. Hematogenous dissemination is a significant pathway for tumor metastasis. Dissemination of tumor cells into the peripheral blood is the premise for tumor metastasis. Recent publications have reported that the presence of circulating tumor cells （CTCs） correlates to lymph node status and presence of synchronous metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Detection of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood is a significant and independent prognostic factor for renal cell carcinoma. The study of circulating tumor cells will contribute to the discovery of the mechanism of tumor metastasis, provide guidance for tumor therapy, determine therapeutic efficacy and patient prognosis. Because of the small number of CTCs in the peripheral blood and lack of tumor specific markers, the application of CTCs is limited in clinical work. With the improvement of the TRAIL method, the development of new techniques and related research on tumor-specific markers, the sensitivity and specificity of CTC detection have been greatly enhanced. Methods to detect circulating tumor cells using tumor-specific markers include Magnetic Cell Sorting, isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells, Density Gradient Centrifugation, immunocytochemistry, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Flow Cytometry Assay, Laser Scanning Cytometry, and the CellSearch System. In this article, the progress of circulating tumor cell application in renal cell carcinoma patients is reviewed.
出处
《中国肿瘤临床》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期175-178,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology
关键词
肾细胞癌
循环肿瘤细胞
肿瘤标志物
Renal cell carcinoma
Circulating tumor cells
Tumor marker
