Objective High resolution structural MR imaging can reveal structural characteristics of cerebral cortex and provide an insight into normal brain development and neuropsychological diseases. The aim of this study was ...Objective High resolution structural MR imaging can reveal structural characteristics of cerebral cortex and provide an insight into normal brain development and neuropsychological diseases. The aim of this study was to compare cortical structural characteristics of normal human brain between 3T and 7T MRI systems using surface-based morphometry based on high resolution structural MR imaging.Methods Twelve healthy volunteers were scanned by both 3T with 3D T1-weighted fast spoiled gradient recalled echo (3D T1-FSPGR) sequence and 7T with 3D T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (3D T1-MPRAGE) sequence. MRI data were processed with FreeSurfer. The cortical thickness,white and gray matter surface area, convexity, and curvature from data of 3T and 7T were measured and compared by paired t-test.Results Measurements of mean cortical thickness, total white matter surface area and gray matter surface area of 3T were larger than those of 7T (left hemisphere: P=0.000, 0.006, 0.020 respectively; right hemisphere: P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000 respectively). Surface-based morphometry over the whole brain demonstrated both reduced and increased measurements of cortical thickness, white and gray surface area,convexity, and curvature at 7T compared to 3T.Conclusions Inconsistency of brain structural attribute between 3T and 7T was confirmed, and researchers should be cautious about data when using ultrahigh field MR system to investigate brain structural changes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Successful aging(SA)refers to the ability to maintain high levels of physical,cognitive,psychological,and social engagement in old age,with high cognitive function being the key to achieving SA.AIM To explo...BACKGROUND Successful aging(SA)refers to the ability to maintain high levels of physical,cognitive,psychological,and social engagement in old age,with high cognitive function being the key to achieving SA.AIM To explore the potential characteristics of the brain network and functional connectivity(FC)of SA.METHODS Twenty-six SA individuals and 47 usual aging individuals were recruited from community-dwelling elderly,which were taken the magnetic resonance imaging scan and the global cognitive function assessment by Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE).The resting state-functional magnetic resonance imaging data were preprocessed by DPABISurf,and the brain functional network was conducted by DPABINet.The support vector machine model was constructed with altered functional connectivities to evaluate the identification value of SA.RESULTS The results found that the 6 inter-network FCs of 5 brain networks were significantly altered and related to MMSE performance.The FC of the right orbital part of the middle frontal gyrus and right angular gyrus was mostly increased and positively related to MMSE score,and the FC of the right supramarginal gyrus and right temporal pole:Middle temporal gyrus was the only one decreased and negatively related to MMSE score.All 17 significantly altered FCs of SA were taken into the support vector machine model,and the area under the curve was 0.895.CONCLUSION The identification of key brain networks and FC of SA could help us better understand the brain mechanism and further explore neuroimaging biomarkers of SA.展开更多
Recent research has highlighted structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebral cortex of patients with premature ejaculation(PE).These anomalies could play a pivotal role in the physiological mechanisms under...Recent research has highlighted structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebral cortex of patients with premature ejaculation(PE).These anomalies could play a pivotal role in the physiological mechanisms underlying PE.This study leveraged functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI),a noninvasive technique,to explore these neural mechanisms.We conducted resting-state fMRI scans on 36 PE patients and 22 healthy controls(HC),and collected data on Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool(PEDT)scores and intravaginal ejaculation latency time(IELT).Employing a surface-based regional homogeneity(ReHo)approach,we analyzed local neural synchronous spontaneous activity,diverging from previous studies that utilized a volume-based ReHo method.Areas with significant ReHo differences between PE and HC groups underwent surface-based functional connectivity(FC)analysis.Significant discrepancies in ReHo and FC across the cortical surface were observed in the PE cohort.Notably,PE patients exhibited decreased ReHo in the left triangular inferior frontal gyrus and enhanced ReHo in the right middle frontal gyrus.The latter showed heightened connectivity with the left lingual gyrus and the right orbital superior frontal gyrus.Furthermore,a correlation between ReHo and FC values with PEDT scores and IELT was found in the PE group.Our findings,derived from surface-based fMRI data,underscore specific brain regions linked to the neurobiological underpinnings of PE.展开更多
Pain is one of the manifestations of hip disorder and has been proven to lead to the remodeling of somatotopic map plasticity in the cortex.However,most studies are volume-based which may lead to inaccurate anatomical...Pain is one of the manifestations of hip disorder and has been proven to lead to the remodeling of somatotopic map plasticity in the cortex.However,most studies are volume-based which may lead to inaccurate anatomical positioning of functional data.The methods that work on the cortical surface may be more sensitive than those using the full brain volume and thus be more suitable for map plasticity study.In this prospective cross-sectional study performed in Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China,20 patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head(12 males and 8 females,aged 56.80±13.60 years)and 20 healthy controls(9 males and 11 females,aged 54.56±10.23 years)were included in this study.Data of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were collected.The results revealed that compared with healthy controls,compared with the healthy controls,patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH)showed significantly increased surface-based regional homogeneity(Re Ho)in areas distributed mainly in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,frontal eye field,right frontal eye field,and the premotor cortex and decreased surface-based Re Ho in the right primary motor cortex and primary sensory cortex.Regions showing significant differences in surfacebased Re Ho values between the healthy controls and patients with ONFH were defined as the regions of interests.Seed-based functional connectivity was performed to investigate interregional functional synchronization.When the areas with decreased surface-based Re Ho in the frontal eye field and right premotor cortex were used as the regions of interest,compared with the healthy controls,the patients with ONFH displayed increased functional connectivity in the right middle frontal cortex and right inferior parietal cortex and decreased functional connectivity in the right precentral cortex and right middle occipital cortex.Compared with healthy controls,patients with ONFH showed significantly decreased cortical thickness in the para-insular area,posterior insular area,anterior superior temporal area,frontal eye field and supplementary motor cortex and reduced volume of subcortical gray matter nuclei in the right nucleus accumbens.These findings suggest that hip disorder patients showed cortical plasticity changes,mainly in sensorimotor-and pain-related regions.This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(approval No.2018-041)on August 1,2018.展开更多
This paper describes a technique to estimate surface-based duct parameters by using a simple ray tracing/correlation method. The approach is novel in that it incorporates the Spearman rank-order correlation scheme bet...This paper describes a technique to estimate surface-based duct parameters by using a simple ray tracing/correlation method. The approach is novel in that it incorporates the Spearman rank-order correlation scheme between the observed surface clutter and the surface ray density for a given propagation path. The simulation results and the real data results both demonstrate the ability of this method to estimate surface-based duct parameters. Compared with the results obtained by a modified genetic algorithm combined with the parabolic wave equation, the results retrieved from the ray tracing/correlation scheme show a minor reduction in accuracy but a great improvement on computation time. Therefore the ray tracing/correlation method might be used as a precursor to more sophisticated and slower techniques, such as genetic algorithm and particle filters, by narrowing the parameter search space and providing a comprehensive and more efficient estimation algorithm.展开更多
The surface-based DNA computing is one of the methods of DNA computing which uses DNA strands immobilized on a solid surface. In this paper, we applied surface-based DNA computing for solving the dominating set proble...The surface-based DNA computing is one of the methods of DNA computing which uses DNA strands immobilized on a solid surface. In this paper, we applied surface-based DNA computing for solving the dominating set problem. At first step, surface-based DNA solution space was constructed by using appropriate DNA strands. Then, by application of a DNA parallel algorithm, dominating set problem was resolved in polynomial time.展开更多
AIM:To elucidate the neuropathological mechanisms underlying diabetic vitreous hemorrhage(DVH)and its correlation with clinical characteristics.METHODS:Twenty-one individuals with DVH(male/female 12/9;mean age 52.29&#...AIM:To elucidate the neuropathological mechanisms underlying diabetic vitreous hemorrhage(DVH)and its correlation with clinical characteristics.METHODS:Twenty-one individuals with DVH(male/female 12/9;mean age 52.29±11.66y)were selected,alongside 21 appropriately matched controls with diabetes mellitus(DM).Voxel-based morphometry(VBM)techniques were employed to identify aberrant functional regions in the brain.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were utilized for classification based on the average VBM values of the two groups,and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between average VBM values in distinct brain regions and clinical manifestations.RESULTS:Relative to the DM controls,DVH patients exhibited reduced VBM values in the right superior temporal pole,the right superior temporal gyrus,the right medial orbital frontal gyrus,and the left superior frontal gyrus.Furthermore,ROC curve analysis of these four brain regions in DVH patients demonstrated a high degree of accuracy,as indicated by the area under the curve.The average VBM value in each of these regions exhibited a negative correlation with both the duration of DVH and the score on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).CONCLUSION:Pathological alterations in four distinct brain regions are observed in patients with DVH,potentially reflecting neuropathological changes associated with this condition.展开更多
Morphometric changes in cortical thickness(CT),cortical surface area(CSA),and cortical volume(CV) can reflect pathological changes after acute mild traumatic brain injury(m TBI).Most previous studies focused on change...Morphometric changes in cortical thickness(CT),cortical surface area(CSA),and cortical volume(CV) can reflect pathological changes after acute mild traumatic brain injury(m TBI).Most previous studies focused on changes in CT,CSA,and CV in subacute or chronic m TBI,and few studies have examined changes in CT,CSA,and CV in acute m TBI.Furthermore,acute m TBI patients typically show transient cognitive impairment,and few studies have reported on the relationship between cerebral morphological changes and cognitive function in patients with m TBI.This prospective cohort study included 30 patients with acute m TBI(15 males,15 females,mean age 33.7 years) and 27 matched healthy controls(12 males,15 females,mean age 37.7 years) who were recruited from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between September and December 2019.High-resolution T1-weighted images were acquired within 7 days after the onset of m TBI.The results of analyses using Free Surfer software revealed significantly increased CSA and CV in the right lateral occipital gyrus of acutestage m TBI patients compared with healthy controls,but no significant changes in CT.The acute-stage m TBI patients also showed reduced executive function and processing speed indicated by a lower score in the Digital Symbol Substitution Test,and reduced cognitive ability indicated by a longer time to complete the Trail Making Test-B.Both increased CSA and CV in the right lateral occipital gyrus were negatively correlated with performance in the Trail Making Test part A.These findings suggest that cognitive deficits and cortical alterations in CSA and CV can be detected in the acute stage of m TBI,and that increased CSA and CV in the right lateral occipital gyrus may be a compensatory mechanism for cognitive dysfunction in acute-stage m TBI patients.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,China(approval No.086) on February 9,2019.展开更多
Objective To investigate cerebral structural signatures of the bulbar-and spinal-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) using voxel-based morphometry on magnetic resonance imaging.Methods The MR structural images of...Objective To investigate cerebral structural signatures of the bulbar-and spinal-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) using voxel-based morphometry on magnetic resonance imaging.Methods The MR structural images of the brain were obtained from 65 ALS patients(15 bulbar-onset, 50 spinalonset) and 65 normal controls(NC) on a 3.0 T MRI system. Gray matter(GM) volume changes were investigated by voxel-based morphometry, and the distribution of the brain regions with volume changes was compared between ALS and normal controls, as well as between bulbar-onset and spinal-onset ALS based on Neuromorphometrics atlas.Results On voxel-level the decreased volume of brain regions in ALS patients was located in the right precentral gyrus(r Prc Gy) and right middle frontal gyrus compared with that in NC. The bulbar-onset ALS presented extramotor cortex atrophy(fronto-temporal pattern), including left medial orbital gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus and right middle temporal gyrus; the spinal-onset ALS suffered from motor cortex atrophy(r Prc Gy dominance) and extra-motor cortex atrophy(fronto-temporal and extra-fronto-temporal pattern) compared with NC. The spinal-onset ALS featured by GM volume loss of left postcentral gyrus and bulbar-onset ALS featured by GM volume loss of left middle temporal gyrus compared with each other. Conclusions The asymmetric GM atrophy of the motor cortex and extra-motor cortex represents the common MRI structural signatures of spinal-onset ALS, and sole extra-motor cortex atrophy represents the structural signatures of bulbar-onset ALS. The present study also demonstrated that the pattern of GM damage is likely to distribute wider in spinal-onset ALS than in bulbar-onset ALS.展开更多
The triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease(3×Tg-AD)is a widely used model that exhibits region-dependent patterns of progressive amyloid-βand tau pathology.Although structural brain abnormalities ...The triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease(3×Tg-AD)is a widely used model that exhibits region-dependent patterns of progressive amyloid-βand tau pathology.Although structural brain abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging have been observed in 3×Tg-AD mice at later disease stages(>12 months)and as early as 2 months,few studies have investigated changes in these mice during the stage with extensive amyloid-βdeposition and onset of tau pathology(around 9 months).This study aimed to assess brain morphometry and microstructure alterations in 9 month-old 3×Tg-AD mice to better understand the neural mechanisms underlying these specific pathological features.Voxel-based analyses were employed on T2-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging to identify differences between 3×Tg-AD and control mice.Compared with controls,3×Tg-AD mice exhibited lower gray matter volume in several regions including both hippocampal regions,the right thalamus,the left caudoputamen,and the cortex.Reduced white matter volume was observed in fiber tracts including the corpus callosum,internal capsule,stria terminalis,and olfactory tract.Whole-brain diffusion tensor imaging analysis revealed a significant decrease in fractional anisotropy and an increase in both radial and mean diffusivity within the left dentate gyrus of the hippocampal region and right striatum-like amygdala nuclei,with no significant difference in axial diffusivity.Correlation analyses demonstrated significant associations between behavioral performance measures,with both gray and white matter volumes within regions showing significant morphometric differences.Notably,behavioral performance also exhibited significant correlations with diffusion tensor imaging measures particularly within the left dentate gyrus of the hippocampal region and right striatum-like amygdala nuclei.Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed increased amyloid-βplaques and p-Tau protein expression in the hippocampal regions of 3×Tg-AD mice,which corroborated the magnetic resonance imaging findings.Transcriptome analysis in hippocampus tissue identified 1389 differentially expressed genes.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that numerous differentially expressed genes were enriched in biological processes relevant to synapse structure,cognition,learning,and memory,with particular emphasis on Wnt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.Collectively,these findings suggest that intricate anatomical and microstructural alterations occur in 3×Tg-AD model mice at the onset of pathology around 9 months,potentially driven by gene expression alterations.Moreover,our results support the potential utility of brain volume and diffusion metrics as biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease pathology,which could have significant implications for clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease patients.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is closely relatedwith hepatitis and cirrhosis.In order to investigatethe pathogenesis and early pathologic diagnosis ofHCC,HCC and related lesions were analyzedqualitively an...INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is closely relatedwith hepatitis and cirrhosis.In order to investigatethe pathogenesis and early pathologic diagnosis ofHCC,HCC and related lesions were analyzedqualitively and quantitively by automatic imageanalysor and immunohistochemical assay.展开更多
Aim： To quantitatively study the histological changes of the testis and epididymis as a result of a drastic reduction of testosterone secretion. Methods： Fourteen adult Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperiton...Aim： To quantitatively study the histological changes of the testis and epididymis as a result of a drastic reduction of testosterone secretion. Methods： Fourteen adult Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with ethane dimethane sulfonate （EDS, 75 mg/kg） and the same number of animals were injected with normal saline as a control. At days 7 and 12 （after treatment）, respectively, half of the animals from each group were killed. The testes and epididymides were removed and tissue blocks embedded in methacrylate resin. The cell number per testis was estimated using the stereological optical disector and some other parameters were obtained using other morphometric methods. Results： The EDS treatment resulted in an almost complete elimination of Leydig cells but had no effect on the numbers of Sertoli cells per testis. At day 7 after EDS treatment, many elongated spermatids were retained in the seminiferous epithelium and many round spermatids could be seen in the epididymal ducts. At day 12, a looser arrangement of spermatids and spermatocytes became evident, with apparent narrow empty spaces being formed between germ cells in an approximately radial direction towards the tubule lumen; the numbers （per testis） of non-type B spermatogonia and spermatocytes were similar to controls, whereas that of type B spermatogonia increased by 59%, and that of early round, elongating and late elongated spermatids decreased by 37%, 72% and 52%, respectively. Conclusion： The primary spermatogenic lesions following EDS administration were （i） spermiation failure and （ii） detachment of spermatids and spermatocytes associated with impairment in spermiogenesis and meiosis.展开更多
The rain shadow regions requisite a comprehensive watershed development and management plan for sustainable water resources management. The Pambar River Basin （PRB） lies on the rain shadow region of the southern Wes...The rain shadow regions requisite a comprehensive watershed development and management plan for sustainable water resources management. The Pambar River Basin （PRB） lies on the rain shadow region of the southern Western Ghats, India, where climate showed marked intra-basin variation. A morphometric analysis was done to evaluate the drainage characteristics of PRB using topographical maps and digital elevation data. PRB was divided into eighteen 4th order basins （SB1-SB18）, distributed along various climatic gradients. Lower order streams mostly dominate PRB and drainage pattern is a function of relief and structure. The terrain is highly dissected and prone to soil erosion during heavy storms and the elongated shape of PRB enables easier flood management. The influence of climate on drainage characteristics was evidently emphasized in basin morphometry. Four distinctively different classes were identified based on the morphometric similarities. The significance of morphometric analysis on the hydrological characterization is discussed and the relevance of the present study in water harvesting has been explicated.展开更多
基金Fund supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81171319), the Foundation for Medical and Health Sci & Tech Innovation Project of Sanya (2016YW37) and the Special Financial Grant from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2014T70960).
文摘Objective High resolution structural MR imaging can reveal structural characteristics of cerebral cortex and provide an insight into normal brain development and neuropsychological diseases. The aim of this study was to compare cortical structural characteristics of normal human brain between 3T and 7T MRI systems using surface-based morphometry based on high resolution structural MR imaging.Methods Twelve healthy volunteers were scanned by both 3T with 3D T1-weighted fast spoiled gradient recalled echo (3D T1-FSPGR) sequence and 7T with 3D T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (3D T1-MPRAGE) sequence. MRI data were processed with FreeSurfer. The cortical thickness,white and gray matter surface area, convexity, and curvature from data of 3T and 7T were measured and compared by paired t-test.Results Measurements of mean cortical thickness, total white matter surface area and gray matter surface area of 3T were larger than those of 7T (left hemisphere: P=0.000, 0.006, 0.020 respectively; right hemisphere: P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000 respectively). Surface-based morphometry over the whole brain demonstrated both reduced and increased measurements of cortical thickness, white and gray surface area,convexity, and curvature at 7T compared to 3T.Conclusions Inconsistency of brain structural attribute between 3T and 7T was confirmed, and researchers should be cautious about data when using ultrahigh field MR system to investigate brain structural changes.
基金Supported by the Wuxi Municipal Health Commission Major Project,No.Z202107。
文摘BACKGROUND Successful aging(SA)refers to the ability to maintain high levels of physical,cognitive,psychological,and social engagement in old age,with high cognitive function being the key to achieving SA.AIM To explore the potential characteristics of the brain network and functional connectivity(FC)of SA.METHODS Twenty-six SA individuals and 47 usual aging individuals were recruited from community-dwelling elderly,which were taken the magnetic resonance imaging scan and the global cognitive function assessment by Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE).The resting state-functional magnetic resonance imaging data were preprocessed by DPABISurf,and the brain functional network was conducted by DPABINet.The support vector machine model was constructed with altered functional connectivities to evaluate the identification value of SA.RESULTS The results found that the 6 inter-network FCs of 5 brain networks were significantly altered and related to MMSE performance.The FC of the right orbital part of the middle frontal gyrus and right angular gyrus was mostly increased and positively related to MMSE score,and the FC of the right supramarginal gyrus and right temporal pole:Middle temporal gyrus was the only one decreased and negatively related to MMSE score.All 17 significantly altered FCs of SA were taken into the support vector machine model,and the area under the curve was 0.895.CONCLUSION The identification of key brain networks and FC of SA could help us better understand the brain mechanism and further explore neuroimaging biomarkers of SA.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.82001793)Social Development Project of Science and Technology in Jiangsu Province(grant No.BE2019606)。
文摘Recent research has highlighted structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebral cortex of patients with premature ejaculation(PE).These anomalies could play a pivotal role in the physiological mechanisms underlying PE.This study leveraged functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI),a noninvasive technique,to explore these neural mechanisms.We conducted resting-state fMRI scans on 36 PE patients and 22 healthy controls(HC),and collected data on Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool(PEDT)scores and intravaginal ejaculation latency time(IELT).Employing a surface-based regional homogeneity(ReHo)approach,we analyzed local neural synchronous spontaneous activity,diverging from previous studies that utilized a volume-based ReHo method.Areas with significant ReHo differences between PE and HC groups underwent surface-based functional connectivity(FC)analysis.Significant discrepancies in ReHo and FC across the cortical surface were observed in the PE cohort.Notably,PE patients exhibited decreased ReHo in the left triangular inferior frontal gyrus and enhanced ReHo in the right middle frontal gyrus.The latter showed heightened connectivity with the left lingual gyrus and the right orbital superior frontal gyrus.Furthermore,a correlation between ReHo and FC values with PEDT scores and IELT was found in the PE group.Our findings,derived from surface-based fMRI data,underscore specific brain regions linked to the neurobiological underpinnings of PE.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China,No.2018YFC2001600(to JGX)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81802249(to XYH),81871836(to MXZ)+4 种基金a grant from Shanghai Science and Technology Committee of China,Nos.18511108300(to JGX),18441903903900(to XYH),18441903800(to MXZ)Three-Year Action Plan for Traditional Chinese Medicine Development from Shanghai Municipal Health Commission of China,No.ZY(2018-2020)-ZWB-1001-CPJS49(to BL)ZY(2018-2020)-RCPY-3007(to JM)Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Improvement Project from Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning of China,No.Zyjx-2017006(to BL)Special Project of Postgraduate Innovation Training of China,No.A1-GY20-204-0107(to JM)。
文摘Pain is one of the manifestations of hip disorder and has been proven to lead to the remodeling of somatotopic map plasticity in the cortex.However,most studies are volume-based which may lead to inaccurate anatomical positioning of functional data.The methods that work on the cortical surface may be more sensitive than those using the full brain volume and thus be more suitable for map plasticity study.In this prospective cross-sectional study performed in Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China,20 patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head(12 males and 8 females,aged 56.80±13.60 years)and 20 healthy controls(9 males and 11 females,aged 54.56±10.23 years)were included in this study.Data of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were collected.The results revealed that compared with healthy controls,compared with the healthy controls,patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH)showed significantly increased surface-based regional homogeneity(Re Ho)in areas distributed mainly in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,frontal eye field,right frontal eye field,and the premotor cortex and decreased surface-based Re Ho in the right primary motor cortex and primary sensory cortex.Regions showing significant differences in surfacebased Re Ho values between the healthy controls and patients with ONFH were defined as the regions of interests.Seed-based functional connectivity was performed to investigate interregional functional synchronization.When the areas with decreased surface-based Re Ho in the frontal eye field and right premotor cortex were used as the regions of interest,compared with the healthy controls,the patients with ONFH displayed increased functional connectivity in the right middle frontal cortex and right inferior parietal cortex and decreased functional connectivity in the right precentral cortex and right middle occipital cortex.Compared with healthy controls,patients with ONFH showed significantly decreased cortical thickness in the para-insular area,posterior insular area,anterior superior temporal area,frontal eye field and supplementary motor cortex and reduced volume of subcortical gray matter nuclei in the right nucleus accumbens.These findings suggest that hip disorder patients showed cortical plasticity changes,mainly in sensorimotor-and pain-related regions.This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(approval No.2018-041)on August 1,2018.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40775025)
文摘This paper describes a technique to estimate surface-based duct parameters by using a simple ray tracing/correlation method. The approach is novel in that it incorporates the Spearman rank-order correlation scheme between the observed surface clutter and the surface ray density for a given propagation path. The simulation results and the real data results both demonstrate the ability of this method to estimate surface-based duct parameters. Compared with the results obtained by a modified genetic algorithm combined with the parabolic wave equation, the results retrieved from the ray tracing/correlation scheme show a minor reduction in accuracy but a great improvement on computation time. Therefore the ray tracing/correlation method might be used as a precursor to more sophisticated and slower techniques, such as genetic algorithm and particle filters, by narrowing the parameter search space and providing a comprehensive and more efficient estimation algorithm.
文摘The surface-based DNA computing is one of the methods of DNA computing which uses DNA strands immobilized on a solid surface. In this paper, we applied surface-based DNA computing for solving the dominating set problem. At first step, surface-based DNA solution space was constructed by using appropriate DNA strands. Then, by application of a DNA parallel algorithm, dominating set problem was resolved in polynomial time.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160195,No.82460203)Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(No.GJJ200169)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Province Health Commission of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2020A0087)Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Health Commission(No.202130210).
文摘AIM:To elucidate the neuropathological mechanisms underlying diabetic vitreous hemorrhage(DVH)and its correlation with clinical characteristics.METHODS:Twenty-one individuals with DVH(male/female 12/9;mean age 52.29±11.66y)were selected,alongside 21 appropriately matched controls with diabetes mellitus(DM).Voxel-based morphometry(VBM)techniques were employed to identify aberrant functional regions in the brain.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were utilized for classification based on the average VBM values of the two groups,and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between average VBM values in distinct brain regions and clinical manifestations.RESULTS:Relative to the DM controls,DVH patients exhibited reduced VBM values in the right superior temporal pole,the right superior temporal gyrus,the right medial orbital frontal gyrus,and the left superior frontal gyrus.Furthermore,ROC curve analysis of these four brain regions in DVH patients demonstrated a high degree of accuracy,as indicated by the area under the curve.The average VBM value in each of these regions exhibited a negative correlation with both the duration of DVH and the score on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).CONCLUSION:Pathological alterations in four distinct brain regions are observed in patients with DVH,potentially reflecting neuropathological changes associated with this condition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81671671 (to JL)。
文摘Morphometric changes in cortical thickness(CT),cortical surface area(CSA),and cortical volume(CV) can reflect pathological changes after acute mild traumatic brain injury(m TBI).Most previous studies focused on changes in CT,CSA,and CV in subacute or chronic m TBI,and few studies have examined changes in CT,CSA,and CV in acute m TBI.Furthermore,acute m TBI patients typically show transient cognitive impairment,and few studies have reported on the relationship between cerebral morphological changes and cognitive function in patients with m TBI.This prospective cohort study included 30 patients with acute m TBI(15 males,15 females,mean age 33.7 years) and 27 matched healthy controls(12 males,15 females,mean age 37.7 years) who were recruited from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between September and December 2019.High-resolution T1-weighted images were acquired within 7 days after the onset of m TBI.The results of analyses using Free Surfer software revealed significantly increased CSA and CV in the right lateral occipital gyrus of acutestage m TBI patients compared with healthy controls,but no significant changes in CT.The acute-stage m TBI patients also showed reduced executive function and processing speed indicated by a lower score in the Digital Symbol Substitution Test,and reduced cognitive ability indicated by a longer time to complete the Trail Making Test-B.Both increased CSA and CV in the right lateral occipital gyrus were negatively correlated with performance in the Trail Making Test part A.These findings suggest that cognitive deficits and cortical alterations in CSA and CV can be detected in the acute stage of m TBI,and that increased CSA and CV in the right lateral occipital gyrus may be a compensatory mechanism for cognitive dysfunction in acute-stage m TBI patients.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,China(approval No.086) on February 9,2019.
基金Supported by the grant of the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(30470512)
文摘Objective To investigate cerebral structural signatures of the bulbar-and spinal-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) using voxel-based morphometry on magnetic resonance imaging.Methods The MR structural images of the brain were obtained from 65 ALS patients(15 bulbar-onset, 50 spinalonset) and 65 normal controls(NC) on a 3.0 T MRI system. Gray matter(GM) volume changes were investigated by voxel-based morphometry, and the distribution of the brain regions with volume changes was compared between ALS and normal controls, as well as between bulbar-onset and spinal-onset ALS based on Neuromorphometrics atlas.Results On voxel-level the decreased volume of brain regions in ALS patients was located in the right precentral gyrus(r Prc Gy) and right middle frontal gyrus compared with that in NC. The bulbar-onset ALS presented extramotor cortex atrophy(fronto-temporal pattern), including left medial orbital gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus and right middle temporal gyrus; the spinal-onset ALS suffered from motor cortex atrophy(r Prc Gy dominance) and extra-motor cortex atrophy(fronto-temporal and extra-fronto-temporal pattern) compared with NC. The spinal-onset ALS featured by GM volume loss of left postcentral gyrus and bulbar-onset ALS featured by GM volume loss of left middle temporal gyrus compared with each other. Conclusions The asymmetric GM atrophy of the motor cortex and extra-motor cortex represents the common MRI structural signatures of spinal-onset ALS, and sole extra-motor cortex atrophy represents the structural signatures of bulbar-onset ALS. The present study also demonstrated that the pattern of GM damage is likely to distribute wider in spinal-onset ALS than in bulbar-onset ALS.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2023YFE0209500(to ZQ)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China,Nos.2023A1515010772(to YL),2025A1515011720(to YL)+1 种基金the Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.A2024120(to YL)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.U22A20371(to ZQ).
文摘The triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease(3×Tg-AD)is a widely used model that exhibits region-dependent patterns of progressive amyloid-βand tau pathology.Although structural brain abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging have been observed in 3×Tg-AD mice at later disease stages(>12 months)and as early as 2 months,few studies have investigated changes in these mice during the stage with extensive amyloid-βdeposition and onset of tau pathology(around 9 months).This study aimed to assess brain morphometry and microstructure alterations in 9 month-old 3×Tg-AD mice to better understand the neural mechanisms underlying these specific pathological features.Voxel-based analyses were employed on T2-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging to identify differences between 3×Tg-AD and control mice.Compared with controls,3×Tg-AD mice exhibited lower gray matter volume in several regions including both hippocampal regions,the right thalamus,the left caudoputamen,and the cortex.Reduced white matter volume was observed in fiber tracts including the corpus callosum,internal capsule,stria terminalis,and olfactory tract.Whole-brain diffusion tensor imaging analysis revealed a significant decrease in fractional anisotropy and an increase in both radial and mean diffusivity within the left dentate gyrus of the hippocampal region and right striatum-like amygdala nuclei,with no significant difference in axial diffusivity.Correlation analyses demonstrated significant associations between behavioral performance measures,with both gray and white matter volumes within regions showing significant morphometric differences.Notably,behavioral performance also exhibited significant correlations with diffusion tensor imaging measures particularly within the left dentate gyrus of the hippocampal region and right striatum-like amygdala nuclei.Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed increased amyloid-βplaques and p-Tau protein expression in the hippocampal regions of 3×Tg-AD mice,which corroborated the magnetic resonance imaging findings.Transcriptome analysis in hippocampus tissue identified 1389 differentially expressed genes.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that numerous differentially expressed genes were enriched in biological processes relevant to synapse structure,cognition,learning,and memory,with particular emphasis on Wnt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.Collectively,these findings suggest that intricate anatomical and microstructural alterations occur in 3×Tg-AD model mice at the onset of pathology around 9 months,potentially driven by gene expression alterations.Moreover,our results support the potential utility of brain volume and diffusion metrics as biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease pathology,which could have significant implications for clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease patients.
基金the Applied and Basic Scientific Research Fund of Yunnan Province,No.94C027Q.
文摘INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is closely relatedwith hepatitis and cirrhosis.In order to investigatethe pathogenesis and early pathologic diagnosis ofHCC,HCC and related lesions were analyzedqualitively and quantitively by automatic imageanalysor and immunohistochemical assay.
文摘Aim： To quantitatively study the histological changes of the testis and epididymis as a result of a drastic reduction of testosterone secretion. Methods： Fourteen adult Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with ethane dimethane sulfonate （EDS, 75 mg/kg） and the same number of animals were injected with normal saline as a control. At days 7 and 12 （after treatment）, respectively, half of the animals from each group were killed. The testes and epididymides were removed and tissue blocks embedded in methacrylate resin. The cell number per testis was estimated using the stereological optical disector and some other parameters were obtained using other morphometric methods. Results： The EDS treatment resulted in an almost complete elimination of Leydig cells but had no effect on the numbers of Sertoli cells per testis. At day 7 after EDS treatment, many elongated spermatids were retained in the seminiferous epithelium and many round spermatids could be seen in the epididymal ducts. At day 12, a looser arrangement of spermatids and spermatocytes became evident, with apparent narrow empty spaces being formed between germ cells in an approximately radial direction towards the tubule lumen; the numbers （per testis） of non-type B spermatogonia and spermatocytes were similar to controls, whereas that of type B spermatogonia increased by 59%, and that of early round, elongating and late elongated spermatids decreased by 37%, 72% and 52%, respectively. Conclusion： The primary spermatogenic lesions following EDS administration were （i） spermiation failure and （ii） detachment of spermatids and spermatocytes associated with impairment in spermiogenesis and meiosis.
文摘The rain shadow regions requisite a comprehensive watershed development and management plan for sustainable water resources management. The Pambar River Basin （PRB） lies on the rain shadow region of the southern Western Ghats, India, where climate showed marked intra-basin variation. A morphometric analysis was done to evaluate the drainage characteristics of PRB using topographical maps and digital elevation data. PRB was divided into eighteen 4th order basins （SB1-SB18）, distributed along various climatic gradients. Lower order streams mostly dominate PRB and drainage pattern is a function of relief and structure. The terrain is highly dissected and prone to soil erosion during heavy storms and the elongated shape of PRB enables easier flood management. The influence of climate on drainage characteristics was evidently emphasized in basin morphometry. Four distinctively different classes were identified based on the morphometric similarities. The significance of morphometric analysis on the hydrological characterization is discussed and the relevance of the present study in water harvesting has been explicated.
