[Objective] To explore the effect of anterior stomach disease on the rumen function of beef cattle. [Method]The ruminal contraction function of beef cattle was recorded by multi-channel physiological recorder,the freq...[Objective] To explore the effect of anterior stomach disease on the rumen function of beef cattle. [Method]The ruminal contraction function of beef cattle was recorded by multi-channel physiological recorder,the frequency of rumination and belching was observed to detect their effects on the motor function of rumen. Changes of ciliates in the rumen and the intensity of fermentation were determined to detect their influences on digestive function. [Results] The ruminal tension and systolic frequency significantly decreased and the rumination frequency decreased or even stopped under the condition of impactio ruminis,and the belching frequency also decreased. Ciliate numbers of atonia proventriculorum,rumen impaction and rumen expansion cattle were significantly lower than that of normal cattle( P < 0. 01),and the viability of ciliates also significantly decreased. [Conclusion] Occurrence of the stomach disease of beef cattle had significant adverse effects on ruminal function of cattle.展开更多
Trace minerals are dietary elements required by the body in minute amounts, ranging from 0.10 to 50.0 mg/kg dry matter in beef cattle diets [1]. These trace minerals are all necessary for the biochemical processes of ...Trace minerals are dietary elements required by the body in minute amounts, ranging from 0.10 to 50.0 mg/kg dry matter in beef cattle diets [1]. These trace minerals are all necessary for the biochemical processes of the body that support proper growth and maintenance. For example, Cu is necessary for the function of superoxide dismutase and its removal of toxic byproducts from metabolic pathways [2]. The removal of these toxic byproducts allows for metabolism to proceed efficiently, uninhibited by damaging oxygen free radicals. Zinc, an important trace mineral for enzyme function, aides in the regulation of nucleic acid production, carbohydrate metabolism, and protein synthesis, thus providing a stable framework for development [3]. The immune system is part of the host’s defense against destructive forces from outside the body, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, or from within, such as malignant cells or those that produce autoantibodies [4]. This system is composed of two branches: the innate or non-specific immune system, and the adaptive or specific immune system [5]. In this review paper, an attempt has been made to review effects of mineral supplements in Rumen Metabolism, effects on Immune Function in different species of animals.展开更多
文摘[Objective] To explore the effect of anterior stomach disease on the rumen function of beef cattle. [Method]The ruminal contraction function of beef cattle was recorded by multi-channel physiological recorder,the frequency of rumination and belching was observed to detect their effects on the motor function of rumen. Changes of ciliates in the rumen and the intensity of fermentation were determined to detect their influences on digestive function. [Results] The ruminal tension and systolic frequency significantly decreased and the rumination frequency decreased or even stopped under the condition of impactio ruminis,and the belching frequency also decreased. Ciliate numbers of atonia proventriculorum,rumen impaction and rumen expansion cattle were significantly lower than that of normal cattle( P < 0. 01),and the viability of ciliates also significantly decreased. [Conclusion] Occurrence of the stomach disease of beef cattle had significant adverse effects on ruminal function of cattle.
文摘Trace minerals are dietary elements required by the body in minute amounts, ranging from 0.10 to 50.0 mg/kg dry matter in beef cattle diets [1]. These trace minerals are all necessary for the biochemical processes of the body that support proper growth and maintenance. For example, Cu is necessary for the function of superoxide dismutase and its removal of toxic byproducts from metabolic pathways [2]. The removal of these toxic byproducts allows for metabolism to proceed efficiently, uninhibited by damaging oxygen free radicals. Zinc, an important trace mineral for enzyme function, aides in the regulation of nucleic acid production, carbohydrate metabolism, and protein synthesis, thus providing a stable framework for development [3]. The immune system is part of the host’s defense against destructive forces from outside the body, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, or from within, such as malignant cells or those that produce autoantibodies [4]. This system is composed of two branches: the innate or non-specific immune system, and the adaptive or specific immune system [5]. In this review paper, an attempt has been made to review effects of mineral supplements in Rumen Metabolism, effects on Immune Function in different species of animals.
