The current study investigated whether domestic dogs encode local and/or global cues in spatial working memory. Seven dogs were trained to use a source of allocentric information (local and/or global cues) to locate a...The current study investigated whether domestic dogs encode local and/or global cues in spatial working memory. Seven dogs were trained to use a source of allocentric information (local and/or global cues) to locate an attractive object they saw move and disappear behind one of the three opaque boxes arrayed in front of them. To do so, after the disappearance of the target object and out of the dogs’ knowledge, all sources of allocentric information were simultaneously shifted to a new spatial position and the dogs were forced to follow a U-shaped pathway leading to the hiding box. Out of the seven dogs that were trained in the detour problem, only three dogs learned to use the cues that were moved from trial to trial. On tests, local (boxes and experimenter) and/or global cues (walls of the room) were systematically and drastically shifted to a new position in the testing chamber. Although they easily succeeded the control trials, the three dogs failed to use a specific source of allocentric information when local and global cues were put in conflict. In discussion, we explore several hypotheses to explain why dogs have difficulties to use allocentric cues to locate a hidden object in a detour problem and why they do not differentiate the local and global cues in this particular experimental setting.展开更多
With the development of the Internet and E commerce, enterprises can achieve global device purchasing with a good cost performance. But the credit risk is the key factor in selecting a device provider. Credit risk in...With the development of the Internet and E commerce, enterprises can achieve global device purchasing with a good cost performance. But the credit risk is the key factor in selecting a device provider. Credit risk involves many qualitative and quantitative factors. We construct a multi agent credit rating model system based on CSCW, which organically combines the people's aptitude and the capability of machines. Enterprises can use this credit rating system for forecasting and defeating the credit risk of global device purchasing.展开更多
目的:探讨甘油三酯⁃葡萄糖(triglyceride⁃glucose,TyG)指数与亚临床左心室收缩功能障碍的独立关联,分析其对左心室整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain,GLS)及左心室做功指数的影响。方法:纳入2024年8月—2025年2月收治的103例患者...目的:探讨甘油三酯⁃葡萄糖(triglyceride⁃glucose,TyG)指数与亚临床左心室收缩功能障碍的独立关联,分析其对左心室整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain,GLS)及左心室做功指数的影响。方法:纳入2024年8月—2025年2月收治的103例患者,采集患者临床参数、生化指标及超声心动图数据,计算TyG指数。通过GE EchoPAC工作站获取GLS及左室做功参数,包括整体做功指数(global work index,GWI)、整体有用功指数(global constructive work,GCW)、整体无用功指数(global wasted work,GWW)和整体做功效率指数(global work efficiency,GWE),采用多因素Logistic回归分析TyG指数与左室功能异常的独立关联。绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评估TyG指数对左心室功能障碍的预测效能,计算曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)、最佳截断值、灵敏度及特异度。结果:高TyG指数组与低TyG指数组相比,高血压(67.31%vs.43.14%)、糖尿病(42.31%vs.7.84%)及高脂血症(34.62%vs.3.92%)患病率显著升高(P均<0.05)。GLS绝对值(-17.60±2.65 vs.-19.82±2.12)、GWI[(1672.33±308.58)mmHg%vs.(1932.31±280.26)mmHg%]及GCW[(1999.46±324.11)mmHg%vs.(2299.20±323.32)mmHg%]均显著降低(P均<0.001)。调整年龄、性别、BMI、血压、血脂等混杂因素后,TyG指数升高仍为GLS降低(OR=2.982,95%CI:1.182~7.522,P=0.021)、GWI降低(OR=3.168,95%CI:1.302~7.706,P=0.011)及GCW降低(OR=2.836,95%CI:1.250~7.309,P=0.021)的独立危险因素。ROC曲线显示出TyG指数对GLS、GWI及GCW降低的预测效能,AUC分别为0.725、0.697、0.683。结论:TyG指数升高与GLS及心肌做功能力下降独立相关,是亚临床左心室功能障碍的潜在生物标志物,提示其在代谢性心血管疾病早期风险评估中的临床应用价值。展开更多
目的:探讨基于左心室压力-应变环(pressure-strain loop,PSL)的二维左心室整体纵向应变(two-dimensional left ventricular global longitudinal strain,2D-GLS)、心肌做功参数预测急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者PC...目的:探讨基于左心室压力-应变环(pressure-strain loop,PSL)的二维左心室整体纵向应变(two-dimensional left ventricular global longitudinal strain,2D-GLS)、心肌做功参数预测急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者PCI术后心肌灌注不良的价值。方法:收集117例2023年4月至2024年4月,在华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院接受PCI术治疗的AMI患者的,根据术后是否发生心肌灌注不良将其分为心肌灌注不良组(n=26)及无心肌灌注不良组(n=91),并分析其PCI术前2D-GLS参数[心内膜下心肌节段整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of subendocardial myocardial segmen,GLSendo)、中层心肌节段整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of middle myocardial segment,GLSmid)、心外膜下心肌节段整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain ofsubepicardialmyocardialsegment,GLSepi)]及心肌做功参数[整体有用功(globalconstructive work,GCW)、整体做功功率(global work efficiency,GWE)、整体做功指数(global work index,GWI)及整体无用功(global wasted work GWW)]预测AMI患者PCI术后发生心肌灌注不良的价值。结果:(1)常规超声显示,两组患者LVEDD、左心室舒张末期容积、左心室收缩末期容积及LVEF比较无明显差异(P>0.05);(2)二维应变成像显示,心肌灌注不良组患者GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi均较无心肌灌注不良组低(P<0.05);(3)二维应变成像显示,心肌灌注不良组患者GWW较无心肌灌注不良组高(P<0.05),GCW、GWE、GWI均较无心肌灌注不良组低(P<0.05);(4)AMI患者PCI术前GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi、GWW、GCW、GWE、GWI预测其PCI术后心肌灌注不良的效能较高,其中GWI的预测效能最高,其Youden指数最大时(0.747),预测PCI术后心肌灌注不良曲线下面积(AUC)为0.849,敏感度为92.8%,特异度为82.4%。结论:AMI心肌灌注不良患者PCI术前GWW异常增高,GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi、GCW、GWE、GWI异常降低,均可作为预测该类患者PCI术后心肌灌注不良的有效指标,其中GWI预测效能最高。展开更多
文摘The current study investigated whether domestic dogs encode local and/or global cues in spatial working memory. Seven dogs were trained to use a source of allocentric information (local and/or global cues) to locate an attractive object they saw move and disappear behind one of the three opaque boxes arrayed in front of them. To do so, after the disappearance of the target object and out of the dogs’ knowledge, all sources of allocentric information were simultaneously shifted to a new spatial position and the dogs were forced to follow a U-shaped pathway leading to the hiding box. Out of the seven dogs that were trained in the detour problem, only three dogs learned to use the cues that were moved from trial to trial. On tests, local (boxes and experimenter) and/or global cues (walls of the room) were systematically and drastically shifted to a new position in the testing chamber. Although they easily succeeded the control trials, the three dogs failed to use a specific source of allocentric information when local and global cues were put in conflict. In discussion, we explore several hypotheses to explain why dogs have difficulties to use allocentric cues to locate a hidden object in a detour problem and why they do not differentiate the local and global cues in this particular experimental setting.
文摘With the development of the Internet and E commerce, enterprises can achieve global device purchasing with a good cost performance. But the credit risk is the key factor in selecting a device provider. Credit risk involves many qualitative and quantitative factors. We construct a multi agent credit rating model system based on CSCW, which organically combines the people's aptitude and the capability of machines. Enterprises can use this credit rating system for forecasting and defeating the credit risk of global device purchasing.
文摘目的:探讨甘油三酯⁃葡萄糖(triglyceride⁃glucose,TyG)指数与亚临床左心室收缩功能障碍的独立关联,分析其对左心室整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain,GLS)及左心室做功指数的影响。方法:纳入2024年8月—2025年2月收治的103例患者,采集患者临床参数、生化指标及超声心动图数据,计算TyG指数。通过GE EchoPAC工作站获取GLS及左室做功参数,包括整体做功指数(global work index,GWI)、整体有用功指数(global constructive work,GCW)、整体无用功指数(global wasted work,GWW)和整体做功效率指数(global work efficiency,GWE),采用多因素Logistic回归分析TyG指数与左室功能异常的独立关联。绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评估TyG指数对左心室功能障碍的预测效能,计算曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)、最佳截断值、灵敏度及特异度。结果:高TyG指数组与低TyG指数组相比,高血压(67.31%vs.43.14%)、糖尿病(42.31%vs.7.84%)及高脂血症(34.62%vs.3.92%)患病率显著升高(P均<0.05)。GLS绝对值(-17.60±2.65 vs.-19.82±2.12)、GWI[(1672.33±308.58)mmHg%vs.(1932.31±280.26)mmHg%]及GCW[(1999.46±324.11)mmHg%vs.(2299.20±323.32)mmHg%]均显著降低(P均<0.001)。调整年龄、性别、BMI、血压、血脂等混杂因素后,TyG指数升高仍为GLS降低(OR=2.982,95%CI:1.182~7.522,P=0.021)、GWI降低(OR=3.168,95%CI:1.302~7.706,P=0.011)及GCW降低(OR=2.836,95%CI:1.250~7.309,P=0.021)的独立危险因素。ROC曲线显示出TyG指数对GLS、GWI及GCW降低的预测效能,AUC分别为0.725、0.697、0.683。结论:TyG指数升高与GLS及心肌做功能力下降独立相关,是亚临床左心室功能障碍的潜在生物标志物,提示其在代谢性心血管疾病早期风险评估中的临床应用价值。
文摘目的:探讨基于左心室压力-应变环(pressure-strain loop,PSL)的二维左心室整体纵向应变(two-dimensional left ventricular global longitudinal strain,2D-GLS)、心肌做功参数预测急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者PCI术后心肌灌注不良的价值。方法:收集117例2023年4月至2024年4月,在华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院接受PCI术治疗的AMI患者的,根据术后是否发生心肌灌注不良将其分为心肌灌注不良组(n=26)及无心肌灌注不良组(n=91),并分析其PCI术前2D-GLS参数[心内膜下心肌节段整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of subendocardial myocardial segmen,GLSendo)、中层心肌节段整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of middle myocardial segment,GLSmid)、心外膜下心肌节段整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain ofsubepicardialmyocardialsegment,GLSepi)]及心肌做功参数[整体有用功(globalconstructive work,GCW)、整体做功功率(global work efficiency,GWE)、整体做功指数(global work index,GWI)及整体无用功(global wasted work GWW)]预测AMI患者PCI术后发生心肌灌注不良的价值。结果:(1)常规超声显示,两组患者LVEDD、左心室舒张末期容积、左心室收缩末期容积及LVEF比较无明显差异(P>0.05);(2)二维应变成像显示,心肌灌注不良组患者GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi均较无心肌灌注不良组低(P<0.05);(3)二维应变成像显示,心肌灌注不良组患者GWW较无心肌灌注不良组高(P<0.05),GCW、GWE、GWI均较无心肌灌注不良组低(P<0.05);(4)AMI患者PCI术前GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi、GWW、GCW、GWE、GWI预测其PCI术后心肌灌注不良的效能较高,其中GWI的预测效能最高,其Youden指数最大时(0.747),预测PCI术后心肌灌注不良曲线下面积(AUC)为0.849,敏感度为92.8%,特异度为82.4%。结论:AMI心肌灌注不良患者PCI术前GWW异常增高,GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi、GCW、GWE、GWI异常降低,均可作为预测该类患者PCI术后心肌灌注不良的有效指标,其中GWI预测效能最高。
