Rectal foreign bodies are man-made injury that occurs occasionally.The management depends on its depth and the consequence it caused.We here report a case of rectal foreign body(a glass bottle measuring about 38 mm...Rectal foreign bodies are man-made injury that occurs occasionally.The management depends on its depth and the consequence it caused.We here report a case of rectal foreign body(a glass bottle measuring about 38 mm×75 mm)which was located 13-15 cm from the anus.The patient had no sign of perforation,and we managed to remove it using endoscopy with gastrolith forceps.展开更多
Psittacosaurus is one of the most abundantly preserved,widely distributed Early Cretaceous dinosaurs and is represented by hundreds of complete individual specimens,with most age classes ranging from hatchlings to adu...Psittacosaurus is one of the most abundantly preserved,widely distributed Early Cretaceous dinosaurs and is represented by hundreds of complete individual specimens,with most age classes ranging from hatchlings to adults.They are therefore ideally suited for paleobiological studies of growth rates,locomotion,and reproductive biology.Interestingly,subadults and adults are known to have gastroliths for assisting in processing plant materials,leading to the assumption that they acquired them late in their life cycle.In order to understand their feeding behaviour,we focused this study on a cluster of 13 complete small skeletons of Psittacosaurus with gastroliths from the Cretaceous Yixian Formation near Lujiatun Village in Liaoning Province,China.Through the analysis of their long bone histology,we determined that all these individuals were less than 1 year old.All individuals in the cluster were found to possess gastroliths of predominantly igneous origin,the first report of gastroliths in Psittacosaurus of such an early ontogenetic stage.This finding supports the startling conclusion of precocious acquisition of gastroliths in Psittacosaurus,and indicates that hatchlings and adults shared similar dietary habits in this dinosaur.The presence of these gastroliths provides valuable insights and contributes significantly to the reconstruction of the paleobiology of this keystone herbivorous dinosaur.展开更多
In assessing the relationship between calcium supplementation and maintaining bone mass or reducing the risk of fracture, the effectiveness of calcium supplementation has never been decisive. Freshwater crayfish rely ...In assessing the relationship between calcium supplementation and maintaining bone mass or reducing the risk of fracture, the effectiveness of calcium supplementation has never been decisive. Freshwater crayfish rely on amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), an instable polymorph of calcium carbonate, as the main mineral in the exoskeleton and in the temporary storage organ, the gastrolith. Inspired by the crayfish model, we have previously shown an increase in calcium bioavailability in rats administered with synthetic stable ACC vs. crystalline calcium carbonate (CCC). The current study compared the effects of amorphous calcium derived from either gastrolith or synthetic ACC with those of crystalline calcium, found in commercial CCC or calciumcitrate supplements, in a bone loss prevention model. Rats were subjected to either sham or ovariectomy (OVX) operation (n^20/ group) followed by administration of food pellets supplemented with 0.5% calcium from either source over 12 weeks. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histomorphometric analyses revealed bone loss prevention by both gastrolith and ACC treatments, manifested by an increase in morphometric bone parameters, compared to both CCC-?and calcium citrate-treated groups. Both gastrolith and ACC treatments resulted in bone formation in the tibia cancellous bone, indicated by dynamic histomorphometry parameters, compared to either the CCC or calcium citrate treatments. Levels of urine deoxypyridinoline (DPD), suggested an anti-resorptive effect of ACC, which was also the only treatment that led to a significant increase in vertebral mechanical strength, as supported by μCT analysis of topology and orientation parameters of the vertebral trabeculae. To our knowledge, such levels of bone loss prevention by calcium supplements have never been reported. These findings thus suggest the potential of both natural (crayfish gastrolith) and, to a greater extent, synthetic ACC sources for the prevention of metabolic bone disorders and possibly of osteoporotic processes.展开更多
文摘Rectal foreign bodies are man-made injury that occurs occasionally.The management depends on its depth and the consequence it caused.We here report a case of rectal foreign body(a glass bottle measuring about 38 mm×75 mm)which was located 13-15 cm from the anus.The patient had no sign of perforation,and we managed to remove it using endoscopy with gastrolith forceps.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42288201)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFF0807701)+2 种基金National Mineral Rock and Fossil Specimens Resource Center(Grant No.NCSTI-RMF20240203)NSERC,CanadaJilin University,China。
文摘Psittacosaurus is one of the most abundantly preserved,widely distributed Early Cretaceous dinosaurs and is represented by hundreds of complete individual specimens,with most age classes ranging from hatchlings to adults.They are therefore ideally suited for paleobiological studies of growth rates,locomotion,and reproductive biology.Interestingly,subadults and adults are known to have gastroliths for assisting in processing plant materials,leading to the assumption that they acquired them late in their life cycle.In order to understand their feeding behaviour,we focused this study on a cluster of 13 complete small skeletons of Psittacosaurus with gastroliths from the Cretaceous Yixian Formation near Lujiatun Village in Liaoning Province,China.Through the analysis of their long bone histology,we determined that all these individuals were less than 1 year old.All individuals in the cluster were found to possess gastroliths of predominantly igneous origin,the first report of gastroliths in Psittacosaurus of such an early ontogenetic stage.This finding supports the startling conclusion of precocious acquisition of gastroliths in Psittacosaurus,and indicates that hatchlings and adults shared similar dietary habits in this dinosaur.The presence of these gastroliths provides valuable insights and contributes significantly to the reconstruction of the paleobiology of this keystone herbivorous dinosaur.
文摘In assessing the relationship between calcium supplementation and maintaining bone mass or reducing the risk of fracture, the effectiveness of calcium supplementation has never been decisive. Freshwater crayfish rely on amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), an instable polymorph of calcium carbonate, as the main mineral in the exoskeleton and in the temporary storage organ, the gastrolith. Inspired by the crayfish model, we have previously shown an increase in calcium bioavailability in rats administered with synthetic stable ACC vs. crystalline calcium carbonate (CCC). The current study compared the effects of amorphous calcium derived from either gastrolith or synthetic ACC with those of crystalline calcium, found in commercial CCC or calciumcitrate supplements, in a bone loss prevention model. Rats were subjected to either sham or ovariectomy (OVX) operation (n^20/ group) followed by administration of food pellets supplemented with 0.5% calcium from either source over 12 weeks. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histomorphometric analyses revealed bone loss prevention by both gastrolith and ACC treatments, manifested by an increase in morphometric bone parameters, compared to both CCC-?and calcium citrate-treated groups. Both gastrolith and ACC treatments resulted in bone formation in the tibia cancellous bone, indicated by dynamic histomorphometry parameters, compared to either the CCC or calcium citrate treatments. Levels of urine deoxypyridinoline (DPD), suggested an anti-resorptive effect of ACC, which was also the only treatment that led to a significant increase in vertebral mechanical strength, as supported by μCT analysis of topology and orientation parameters of the vertebral trabeculae. To our knowledge, such levels of bone loss prevention by calcium supplements have never been reported. These findings thus suggest the potential of both natural (crayfish gastrolith) and, to a greater extent, synthetic ACC sources for the prevention of metabolic bone disorders and possibly of osteoporotic processes.
