摘要
位于辽西丘陵地区大凌河谷地附近的喇嘛洞墓地，是我国北方地区迄今所见最大的一处以三燕文化墓葬为主的大型墓地。其地理坐标为东经120°43'，北纬41°39’，海拔高度200米左右。1996年被评为全国十大考古发现之一。该墓地属北票市南八家子乡四家板村喇嘛洞村民组，其北距北票市15公里，西南距南八家子乡4公里，向南300米左右为锦(州)承(德)铁路，东南约1．
The cemetery at Lamadong, Beipiao, Liaoning is the largest cemetery of the three-Yan culture known so far in North China. Here, the Liaoning Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology carried out a large-scale excavation in 1998 and discovered 355 burials of the culture. There are vertical pits with wooden coffins and those with stone outer coffins, the former occurring as the main type. The funerary objects are made of iron, bronze(gilded), gold, silver, pottery, bone and agate, and comprise production tools, weapons, horse fittings and articles for daily use, totaling 3670 pieces. The present report makes a preliminary systematization and study of 15 major burials. Based on related records in ancient documents and the geographical location and chronological features of the tombs, the author believes that these burials should be dated to the late 3rd to the mid 4th century AD and assigned to the Murong Xianbei nationality who lived in the Daling River valley in western Liaoning. The covers of gilded open-work cantles, leaf-shaped pendants for tubes with button-shaped ornaments, bits, cheek pieces and belt buckles are typical artifacts of horse-riding ethnic groups. The common coexistence of iron tools with weapons in the same burials reflects that the tomb-owners belonged to the people who were both soldiers and peasants, and lived in the combination of farming with war preparedness, in a sort of army farm. Furthermore, the orderly arrangement of burials, the popularity of tombs with the front and back in the same width instead of those with the front wider than the back, the burial of funeral pottery in the earth filling of tomb pits and the frequent occurrence of funeral ring-head iron object, deer-shaped bronze ornaments and deer's-head-shaped lead ones were all never seen in the previously discovered Xianbei tombs. The discovery of this cemetery puts forward new subjects in the study of the three-Yan culture of the Sixteen States period in North China.
出处
《考古学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第2期209-242,T007-T020,共48页
Acta Archaeologica Sinica
