摘要
采用放射性同位素示踪原子法测定微量非离子表面活性剂,研究了不同温度下破乳剂在原油、水两相间的分配规律,发现分配系数随温度的变化很敏锐,破乳效果与分配系数间有对应关系。基于实验结果对破乳机理作了探讨,认为好的破乳剂必须具有一定的油溶性。
Two series of isotopic samples of triblock polyether demulsifiers are synthesized star- ting from tritiated(~3H)polyethylenepolyamine(AP type)and ^(13)C-hexadecyl aleohol(SP type)as initiators and varying length of only one block(EO or PO)used to study demulsification and partitioning between crude oil and aqueous phases.These samples in dilute aqueous solutions can be accurately and quantitatively determined by a liquid scintilhtion counting technique.It is shown that the partitioning of these demulsifiers in crude oil and aqueous phases is dependent on many factors as temperature,HLB value,oil/demulsifier system etc.For AP series demulsifiers,the aqueous phase concen- tration,Cw,inereases with increasing HLB,the partition coefficient P_(o/w)(=C_o/C_w) decreases regularly with increasing HLB,following a revers S-form curve,at every temperature tested(30—60℃).The test temperature affect C_w and P_(o/w) variously.It is conclude that high performance AP type demulsifiers are those with P_(o/w) more sens- ible to temperature changes;AP and SP type nonionic surfactants are effective demul- sifiers when they have proper lipophilicity,i.e.optimal molecular structure,which can be reached by changing even the length of one of their blockes.
出处
《油田化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第1期31-35,共5页
Oilfield Chemistry
关键词
破乳剂
非离子
表面活性剂
Demulsifiers
Nonionic Surfactants
Partition Between Oil and Water Phases
Structure/Performance Relationship
Quantitative Determination
